昆虫抗菌肽对肿瘤细胞的抑制作用研究进展

Advances in Inhibitory Effects of Insect Antimicrobial Peptides on Tumor Cells

昆虫抗菌肽(antimicrobial peptide,AMPs)是一类昆虫先天免疫系统中十分重要的效应因子,它分子量小、热稳定,并且具有广谱抗菌性,能够抑制、杀死多种细菌、真菌。近几年来,由于昆虫抗菌肽具有抗肿瘤的活性且其不具有抗原性而受到研究者的广泛关注。昆虫种类多、分布广,因此昆虫抗菌肽具有很高的开发潜力和实际应用价值。但是,目前对于昆虫抗菌肽抗肿瘤能力的研究尚不够深入,对其作用机制还没有一套准确并且系统的理论。现在普遍认为昆虫抗菌肽的抗肿瘤机制与其抗菌机制类似,可以分为破坏细胞膜机制以及非破坏细胞膜机制,并且同一种昆虫抗菌肽可以通过多种方式来抑制甚至杀死肿瘤细胞,但是对正常真核细胞无明显的毒副作用。相较于传统化疗药物的无差别杀伤,昆虫抗菌肽在肿瘤治疗领域有着巨大潜力。本文简要综述了昆虫抗菌肽对肿瘤细胞的抑制作用及其作用机制,并对其开发潜力和实际应用价值进行了展望,以期为今后的研究提供理论支持。

Insect antimicrobial peptides(AMPs)are very important effect factors in insect innate immune system.They are characterized in low molecular weight,heat-stability and broad antimicrobial spectrum.They can inhibit and kill a variety of bacteria and fungi.In recent years,insect antimicrobial peptides have attracted much attention due to their antitumor activity while without antigenicity.The large species and wide distribution of insects makes the insect antimicrobial peptides higher potential in practical application for anti-tumor therapy.However,the anti-tumor abilities of insect antimicrobial peptides have currently not yet been extensively studied and the accurate and systematic theory on its anti-tumor mechanism not yet fully established.Now it is generally believed that the antitumor mechanism of insect antimicrobial peptides is similar to its antimicrobial mechanism,which can be divided into disrupting cell membrane mechanism and non-destructive cell membrane mechanism.The same kind of insect antimicrobial peptides can inhibit or even kill tumor cells in a variety of ways,but has no obvious toxic and side effects on normal eukaryotic cells.Insect antimicrobial peptides have great potential in the field of cancer therapy compared with the indiscriminate cell-killing of traditional chemotherapeutic drugs.In this paper,the inhibitory effects of insect antimicrobial peptides on tumor cells and its mechanism are briefly reviewed,and the prospects of their application potentials in anti-tumor therapy are forecasted,in order to provide theoretical support for future research.