船舶垃圾污染船岸协同治理问题与对策研究

Research on the Problems and Countermeasures of Ship-shore Cooperative Treatment of Ship Garbage

本文分析了海洋垃圾污染情况及其环境危害,重点分析了船舶垃圾的产生规模,根据部分地区的海滩垃圾监测结果,来源于航运/捕鱼活动废弃物占海滩垃圾总量的10%左右。研究了MARPOL附则V及国家污染物排放控制标准对船舶垃圾分类和排放控制要求。分析了船舶垃圾污染防治中存在的问题主要体现为区域发展不平衡和全国范围的接收、转运和处置信息未实现联网,提出了加强船舶垃圾排放监管、优化完善港口接收设施、完善接收转运处置机制等方面的对策建议。

This article analyzes the pollution of marine garbage and its environmental hazards,focusing on the scale of ship garbage generation.According to the monitoring results of beach garbage in some areas,the waste from shipping/fishing activities accounts for about 10%of the total beach garbage.The requirements of MARPOL Annex V and the National Pollutant Emission Control Standard on the classification and emission control of ship waste are studied.Analyzed the problems existing in the prevention and control of ship waste pollution,which are mainly reflected in the uneven regional development and the failure to network the information of receiving,transshipment and disposal nationwide.It is proposed to strengthen the supervision of ship waste discharge,optimize and improve port reception facilities,and improve the mechanism of receiving and transshipping disposal.Countermeasures and suggestions.