地铁车辆主动灭火系统对人员安全疏散的有效性分析

Effectiveness Analysis of the Active Fire Extinguishing System for Subway Vehicles on the Safe Evacuation of People

由于轨道交通车辆空间相对密闭、人员密集且无序,一旦发生火灾即会造成群死群伤,因此急需提高其消防安全隐患的防范能力。本文以地铁车厢为载体,加载主动灭火系统,运用火灾动力学模拟软件FDS对地铁车厢典型着火位置发生火灾时,是否使用主动灭火系统两种火灾场景进行数值计算,对比分析两种火灾场景下的烟气蔓延规律及主要火灾产物的分布及变化规律。研究表明,主动灭火系统能有效地抑制地铁列车火灾温度的升高、控制烟气蔓延速度,为人员逃生提供较为安全的环境。

As the space of rail transit vehicles is relatively confined,people are dense and disorderly,once a fire occurs,it will cause mass deaths and injuries,so it is urgent to improve its ability to prevent fire hazards.In this paper,the subway car is used as a carrier to load a high-pressure water mist fire extinguishing system,and the fire dynamics simulation software FDS is used to numerically calculate whether the high-pressure water mist fire extinguishing system is used in a typical fire location of the subway car.The rule of smoke spread and the distribution and change of main fire products in two fire scenarios.Studies have shown that the high-pressure water mist fire extinguishing system can effectively suppress the increase in the temperature of subway train fires,control the spread of smoke,and provide a safer environment for people to escape.