农地金融模式绩效评价及服务机制优化

Performance Evaluation and Service Mechanism Optimization of Rural Land Finance Model in China

当前,我国农村土地金融模式呈多样化,以股份制农地金融公司模式、农地抵押合作社+政策银行模式、农村信用社主导的农地金融模式、商业银行主导的农地金融模式和信托公司主导+证券化农地金融模式为代表的农村金融服务推动着我国农村经济的发展。各种农村土地金融模式的开展是在不同的历史时期为满足农村土地金融需求而进行的探索,在一定程度上存在经济效益和社会效益的差异性。为此,以当前我国5个主要农村土地金融模式为绩效评价对象,选择各农村土地金融模式的案例对象进行实地调查,立足于农村土地金融模式绩效评价指标选取的相关性、代表性、可比性、可操作性和全面性原则,经济绩效从农业经济发展、农民生活改善及农业产业发展3个方面选择指标,社会绩效从农村社会和谐发展、农村土地生态环境2个方面选择指标,应用灰色关联度法计算指标权重,基于样本数据应用数据包络分析法进行农村土地金融模式的经济绩效与社会绩效评价,分析各农村土地金融模式绩效,从而提出农村土地金融服务机制优化与政策建议。

At present,China’s rural land financial models are in the form of diversification,such as the model of joint stock farmland financial companies,the model of agricultural land mortgage cooperatives+policy banks,the model of rural credit cooperatives,the model of commercial banks and the model of securitization dominated by trust companies,and all these rural financial services promote the development of rural economy in China.The development of various rural land finance modes is an exploration to meet the needs of rural land finance in different historical periods,and to some extent,there are differences between economic benefits and social benefits.Therefore,with China’s current five major rural land financial models as the performance evaluation objects,this paper chooses cases of each land financial model for field survey.The performance evaluation indexes are selected based on the principle of relevance,representation,comparability,maneuverability and the comprehensiveness,with the economic performance mainly from three aspects of agricultural economy development,farmers’life and agricultural industrial development,and social performance from two aspects of the harmonious development of rural society and rural land ecological environment.Then it uses the grey correlation method to calculate the index weight.Based on the sample data,the paper uses the data envelopment analysis method to evaluate the economic and social performance of rural land finance models,analyzes the performance of each rural land finance model,and puts forward the optimization of rural land finance service mechanism and policy suggestions.