青少年近视危险因素及防控措施现状

Risk Factors and Prevention and Control Measures of Myopia of Juvenile

青少年近视是危害青少年视力健康的主要原因,随着人们生活学习方式、作息习惯的改变,青少年近视发病率逐年升高。近视的危险因素复杂多样,包括遗传、父母生育年龄、年龄、性别、照明条件、用眼强度、用眼距离、户外运动时间等。目前近视仍无法治愈,各种治疗方法的效果均有限,因此近视防控是关键。近视防控包括通过改善照明条件、增加户外活动进行预防以及通过使用阿托品滴眼液、光学矫治进行干预。未来深入研究近视的发病机制可为有效预防甚至根治近视提供新思路。

Juvenile myopia is the main cause of harm to the visual health of teenagers.With the changes of people′s way of life and study,and habits of work and rest,the incidence of juvenile myopia is increasing year by year.The risk factors for myopia are complex and diverse,including genetics,parental childbearing age,age,gender,lighting conditions,eye usage intensity,eye usage distance,outdoor exercise time,etc.There is still no cure for myopia,and the effects of various treatments are limited,therefore,prevention and control of myopia is the key.Myopia prevention and control measures include prevention by improving lighting conditions,increasing outdoor activities,and intervention by using atropine eye drops and optical correction.Further study on the pathogenesis of myopia can provide new ideas for the effective prevention and even radical treatment of myopia.