白马雪山国家级自然保护区曲宗贡区域鸟兽多样性调查

Investigation on Bird and Mammal Diversity in Quzonggong Region of Baimaxueshan National Nature Reserve

曲宗贡地处白马雪山国家级自然保护区北部,该区域野生动植物资源十分丰富,是白马雪山保护区重点建设的科研、科普教育和生态旅游基地,但对该区域的野生动物多样性系统调查较少。为了摸清曲宗贡区域分布的野生动物资源情况,2016—2020年,曲宗贡生态定位监测站通过设置固定监测样线、红外线相机监测样点、社区访谈、日常观察等方式对野生动物(鸟类、兽类)进行调查。结果表明,该区域分布的兽类有5目、13科、24属、27种,其中国家Ⅰ级重点保护动物有5种,即滇金丝猴、金钱豹、林麝、马麝(高山麝)、黑麝;鸟类有12目、26科、47属、57种,其中国家Ⅰ级重点保护动物有3种,即金雕、四川雉鹑、斑尾雉鸡。基本掌握了该区域野生动物种类、种群数量变化、活动规律等。

The wildlife resources are abundant in Quzonggong which is located in the north of Baimaxueshan National Nature Reserve,and is the key developing platform for scientific research,popular science education and ecotourism,but systematic studies on wildlife biodiversity in this region are still limited.To understand the wildlife resources in the region,the Quzonggong Ecological Positioning and Monitoring Station conducted bird and mammal diversity investigation from 2016 to 2020 based on transect survey,infrared camera survey,household survey and daily observation.The results showed that 27 species of mammals belonged to 24 genera,13 families and 5 orders in this area,including 5 species of national first-class key protected animals,namely Rhinopithecus bieti,Panthera pardus,Moschus berezovskii,Moschus chrysogaster and Moschus fuscus;57 species of birds belonged to 47 genera,26 families and 12 orders,including 3 species of national first-class key protected animals,namely Aquila chrysaetos,Tetraophasis szechenyii and Bonasa sewerzowi.This investigation basically mastered the species,population changes and activity laws of wildlife in this area.