基于GIS空间统计诱捕法的松褐天牛种群动态和空间密度分布测定——以湖北省远安县为例

Population Dynamics and Spatial Density Distribution of Monochamus alternatus Based on GIS Spatial Statistics and Trapping Method——A Case Study of Yuan′an County in Hubei

收集湖北省远安县2019—2020年2个年度不同区域松褐天牛诱捕量数据,利用APF-1引诱剂对松褐天牛成虫进行诱捕与监测,采用GIS空间统计,引入核密度分析与克里金空间插值分析,对松褐天牛空间密度分布进行估算和可视化表达。试验结果表明,松褐天牛成虫活动期为5个月,时间区域为5月1日—10月15日,一年只发生1代,成虫羽化初始期为5月,高峰期为6—8月,盛末期终于10月15。高峰期受海拔影响而推迟,盛末期提前,虫口密度随降雨量增加而减少。研究区域松林范围内普遍存在松褐天牛的分布,核密度分析结果反映区域虫口密度分布聚集性特征,克里金插值结果反映虫口密度连续区域变化空间分布特征,松褐天牛在松林中的分布不同地理位置区域存在差异,虫口密度以高海拔密度低,低海拔密度高。松褐天牛具羽化周期长、区域分布不均、隐蔽性等特点,难以达到彻底防治。

The trapping data of Monochamus alternatus in different areas of Yuan′an County,Hubei Province from 2019 to 2020 were collected.The adults of Monochamus alternatus were trapped and monitored by APF-1 attractant andthe spatial density distribution was estimated and visualized by using GIS spatial statistics,kernel density analysis and Kriging spatial interpolation analysis.The results showed that the adult activity period was 5 months from May 1 to October 15,and only one generation occurred in a year.The initial stage of adult eclosion began in May,peaked from June to August,and finally reached the peak on October 15.The peak period was delayed by altitude,the peak period was advanced,and the insect population density was decreased by the increase of rainfall.The distribution of Monochamus alternatus generally existed in the pine forest of the study area.The results of kernel density analysisreflectedthe aggregation characteristics of regional population density distribution,the results of Kriging interpolation reflected the characteristics of the continuous spatial distribution densities.The distribution of Monochamus alternatus in pine forest was different in different geographical locations,and the population density was low at high altitude and high at low altitude.The thorough prevention and control of Monochamus alternatuswas difficult to achieve for the characteristics oflong eclosion cycle,uneven regional distributionand concealment.