氟苯尼考对人工感染多杀性巴氏杆菌小白鼠的防治效果研究

Preventive and Therapeutic Effects of Florfenicol on Artificial Infection of Mice with Pasteurella multocida

[目的]观察抗菌药物氟苯尼考对多杀性巴氏杆菌的体外抑菌效果,评价其对人工感染多杀性巴氏杆菌小白鼠的防治效果。[方法]采用微量肉汤稀释法测定临床常用的9种抗菌药物对多杀性巴氏杆菌的抑菌效果,筛选敏感抗菌药物,进一步选择小白鼠开展预防试验和治疗试验,观察抗菌药物对人工感染多杀性巴氏杆菌小白鼠的防治效果。[结果]在9种常见的抗菌药物中,对多杀性巴氏杆菌抑菌效果最好的是氟苯尼考和多西环素,2种药物的MIC为1μg/mL,MBC为2μg/mL;抑菌效果最差的是延胡索酸泰妙菌素,MIC为64μg/mL,MBC为128μg/mL。利用多杀性巴氏杆菌人工感染小白鼠,治疗试验与预防试验均设置阴性对照组(注射生理盐水)、阳性对照组(攻毒细菌)以及药物治疗或预防组(攻毒细菌+氟苯尼考);治疗试验获得氟苯尼考的保护率为78.6%,预防试验的保护率为84.6%。[结论]氟苯尼考对人工感染多杀性巴氏杆菌小白鼠有较好的防治效果。

[Objective]To observe the in vivo antibacterial effects of florfenicol against Pasteurella multocida,and to assess its preventive and therapeutic effects on artificial infection of mice with Pasteurella multocida.[Method]Broth micro-dilution method was used to determine the antibacterial effects of 9 commonly used antimicrobial agents in veterinary clinic against Pasteurella multocida to screen the sensitive drugs.Furthermore,an in vivo study in mice was conducted to evaluate the preventive and therapeutic effects of the screened sensitive drug on artificial infection of mice with Pasteurella multocida.[Result]Among the tested antimicrobial agents,the best antibacterial effects against Pasteurella multocida were observed in florfenicol and doxycycline with MIC of 1μg/mL and MBC of 2μg/mL,and tiamulin fumarate showed the weakest antibacterial effects with MIC of 64μg/mL and MBC of 128μg/mL.Based on the results of in vivo antibacterial effects evaluation,florfenicol was chosen to perform the in vivo study.A negative control group(normal saline),a positive control group(challenged with Pasteurella multocida)and a florfenicol administration group(challenged with Pasteurella multocida+florfenicol)were included in preventive or therapeutic experiment.The protection rates of therapeutic and preventive experiments were 78.6%and 84.6%,respectively.[Conclusion]Florfenicol has good preventive and therapeutic effects on artificial infection of mice with Pasteurella multocida.