声学探测技术在海底石油管线铺设后调查中的应用

Application of acoustic detection technology in investigation after laying submarine oil pipelines

海底石油管线铺设后可能多会出现不同程度的损伤、变形、冲刷、偏移、悬跨等情况,这通常是铺设过程中管线受到物理、化学、机械等因素的影响造成的。为避免作业风险和海洋环境污染,需要在管线铺设后对其铺设状态进行完工后调查,以便及时了解海底管线的实际情况,并根据调查结果采取相应的维护措施。本文根据管线后调查的工作需求,从声学探测技术的工作原理出发,研究并比较分析了4种声探测技术的优势与局限性,提出在海底管道检测时将各种探测手段配合使用,使各手段“取长补短”,可有效提高探测效率。并利用工程实例验证方法的有效性与可行性;在实例验证过程中,还明确给出了相关数据的处理分析方法,得出将多种声学探测设备得到的数据进行综合分析并相互校核,可有效提高测量数据精度。结果表明应用水声探测设备开展后调查的方法同时满足准确和高效率要求,可有效支撑海底管线铺设后状态评价工作。

Submarine oil pipelines may have various defects and abnormalities,such as damage,deformation,scouring,shift,and free spanning,because of the influence of physical,chemical,mechanical,and other factors during laying.To ensure safe operation,prevent pollution to the marine environment,and understand the actual situation of submarine pipelines,post-completion investigation of the laying status is required.Moreover,the cor-responding maintenance measures need to be taken according to the investigation results.According to the post-investigation requirements of submarine pipelines and based on the working principle of acoustic detection technology,the advantages and limitations of four kinds of acoustic detection technology are analyzed and com-pared.Various detection methods should be used with submarine pipeline detection so that each method can“learn from each other’s strengths,”which can effectively improve detection efficiency.The effectiveness and practicabil-ity of the detection methods are verified through engineering projects.In this process,the analysis method of rele-vant data is also elucidated.The comprehensive analysis and mutual verification of data obtained using various acoustic detection equipment can effectively improve the accuracy of measurement data.Results show that the post-survey method using underwater acoustic detection equipment meets the requirements of high accuracy and efficiency at the same time and can effectively support the post-laying status evaluation of submarine pipelines.