国际海洋观测计划数据规范化存储与管理的述评

Review of standardized data archiving and management of international ocean observation programs

基于世界大洋环流实验(World Ocean Circulation Experiment,WOCE)、全球联合海洋通量研究(Joint Global Ocean Flux Study,JGOFS)、全球海洋船基水文调查计划(Global Ocean Ship-based Hydro-graphic Investigations Program,GO-SHIP)和痕量元素及同位素海洋生物地球化学循环国际研究(An In-ternational Study of the Marine Biogeochemical Cycles of Trace Elements and Isotopes,GEOTRACES)四个国际海洋观测计划的科研数据规范化存储与共享管理经验,分析多学科综合计划如何让获得的海量观测数据进行长期、有效的存储,具有可传承性,探讨了建立数据中心和数据仓储对于数据的规范化管理和推进数据共享的重要性。总结出一套数据管理方案:在项目启动时,建立项目/数据管理办公室,推行科研数据标准化管理。针对项目研究主题形成完整的实体参数目录,统一数据名称、单位、分类及内容,制定元数据模板等,数据管理办公室要能存储和共享数据,并确保数据安全,在项目成员内部就数据质量的保证措施、数据共享与引用等管理规定达成共识。

Based on the standardized data archiving and management practices of four international ocean observa-tion programs(i.e.,World Ocean Circulation Experiment WOCE),Joint Global Ocean Flux Study(JGOFS),Global Ocean Ship-based Hydrographic Investigations Program(GO-SHIP),and An International Study of the Marine Bio-geochemical Cycles of Trace Elements and Isotopes(GEOTRACES),long-term scientific data availability,data archiving effectiveness,and data reusage for multi-disciplinary research programs were assessed.Results showed that a data center/data depository is essential to standardize data management and promote data sharing.Hence,this paper summarizes a standard protocol of data management.A data management office(DMO)or program office(PO)is initially set up to conduct data standardization and frame a set of parameter dictionaries,including names,units,classifications,and metadata templates.The DMO/PO should be able to ensure data archiving,safety,and distribution.The principal investigators/committee members also need to reach an agreement on data policy re-garding data quality control,data sharing,and citation.