轨道方程平滑方法在轨道预报中的应用

Application of Smoothing Method of Orbit Equation in Aircraft Orbit Forecast

航天器的轨道预报和落点预报等信息处理对预报起始点的速度精度要求很高。由于非合作测量设备通常不具备测速能力,通常采用多项式平滑微分和卡尔曼滤波等传统方法计算的速度参数精度较差,造成航天器轨道预报精度不高。为提高航天器轨道预报初始点的坐标和速度参数精度,依据自由段轨道符合椭圆轨道方程这一事实,提出使用轨道方程来拟合航天器自由段轨道的方法,可以很好地消弱目标测量数据中随机误差的影响,提供稳定且精度较高的轨道预报结果。本方法可用于航天器轨道预报和落点预报的数据处理。

The information processing of orbit prediction and landing point prediction of spacecraft requires high velocity accuracy of the starting point of prediction.Because the non-cooperative measurement equipment usually does not have the ability of velocity measurement,the traditional methods such as polynomial smooth differential and Kalman filter are usually used to calculate the velocity parameters with poor accuracy,resulting in the low accuracy of spacecraft orbit prediction.In order to improve the accuracy of the coordinates and velocity parameters of the starting point of spacecraft orbit prediction,according to the fact that the orbit of the free-flight phase conforms to the elliptic orbit equation,a method of using the orbit equation to fit the orbit of the spacecraft free-flight phase is proposed,which can weaken the influence of the random error in the target measurement data and provide stable and high accuracy orbit prediction results.This method can be used in data processing of spacecraft orbit prediction and landing point prediction.