教师知识共享机制及实现策略——基于社会交换理论视角

Research on the Realization Strategies of Teachers Knowledge Sharing——Based on the Perspective of Social Exchange Theory

教师知识共享是新时代教师队伍建设的必然要求,也是促进教师专业发展的重要途径。社会交换理论视角下的教师知识共享的特征表现为教师个体通过组织内交流进行知识共享是前提条件,社会报酬是教师参与知识共享获得的利益满足,情感支持和付出成本是知识共享中投入的精力,社会期望是对参与共享获取报酬的预期。社会交换理论视角下的教师知识共享机制体现在教师以教师共同体和学校组织为共享平台,通过组织内的互动交往行为付出一定成本并获取社会报酬,教师对社会报酬与期望的比较结果决定后续知识共享过程是否发生。针对当前教师知识共享面临教师共享意愿不强、教师知识共享彼此信任不足、教师知识共享机制不健全等问题,急需激发教师知识共享意愿、构建知识共享型教师组织文化和教师知识共享制度保障等方面找寻突破困境的出路,从而真正实现教师知识共享。

Teachers’knowledge sharing is an inevitable requirement for the construction of teachers’team in the New Era,and also an important way to promote teachers’professional development.From the perspective of social exchange theory,teachers’knowledge sharing shows that knowledge sharing through inter-organizational communication is a prerequisite for individual teachers,social reward is the benefit satisfaction and emotional support gained by teachers’participation in knowledge sharing,and the cost of effort is the energy invested in knowledge sharing and social expectation is the expectation of reward for participation in knowledge sharing.From the perspective of social exchange theory,teachers’knowledge sharing mechanism is embodied in that teachers take the teacher community and the school organization as the sharing platform,and pay costs and obtain social rewards through the interaction behavior within the organization,the result of the comparison between teachers’social reward and expectation determines whether the subsequent knowledge sharing process takes place.In view of the current problems of teachers’knowledge sharing,such as weak willingness of teachers to share,insufficient trust among teachers,and imperfect knowledge sharing mechanism,it is urgent to stimulate teachers’willingness,construct teachers’organizational culture and guarantee the sharing system,so as to promote the realization of teachers’knowledge sharing.