农村邻里低偿照护贫弱老人的发生机制探析——基于长春市T村的考察

Analysis on the Mechanism of Low Compensation Care for the Poor and Weak Elderly in Rural Neighborhood: Based on the Investigation of T Village in Changchun City

在低偿条件下,农村邻里照护贫弱老年人的意愿较低已成为推动农村互助养老的核心挑战。文章通过对长春市T村的调研发现,福利政策、伦理道德以及地方性知识等三重嵌套规则的叠加作用是邻里低偿照护的形成原因。其中,福利政策是邻里低偿照护得以发生的根本缘由,伦理道德是邻里低偿照护的助推力量,地方性知识是邻里低偿照护得以展开的行动理据。邻里低偿照护的实质是以"邻里互助"为表现形式、辅助手段及实践依据的"制度性利他主义"。研究对于破解农村互助养老的难题,实现乡村互助文化的复兴具有现实和理论意义。

Under the condition of low compensation,the low willingness of rural neighbors to care for the poor and weak elderly has become the core challenge to mutual support for the elderly in rural areas.Through the investigation of T village in Changchun city,this paper finds that the superposition of welfare policy,ethics,and local knowledge is the reason for the formation of neighborhood low compensation care.Among them,welfare policy is the fundamental reason for the occurrence of neighborhood low compensation care,ethics is the driving force of neighborhood low compensation care,and local knowledge is the action basis for neighborhood low compensation care.The essence of neighborhood low compensation care is"institutional altruism"which takes"neighborhood mutual assistance"as its manifestation,auxiliary means,and practical basis.The research has practical and theoretical significance for solving the problem of rural mutual support for the aged and realizing the revival of rural mutual support culture.