内置式多层磁钢永磁同步电机振动噪声抑制措施

Measures to reduce vibration and noise of interior permanent magnet synchronous motor with multilayer permanent magnets

针对内置式多层磁钢的永磁同步电机提出通过优化电机转子结构抑制电机振动噪声的方法。首先通过基于直接耦合场的有限元仿真方法计算一台额定功率为20 kW的永磁同步电机的声压级。将仿真值与电机噪声实验测得的结果进行对比,其差值小于6.3%,由此验证了该方法仿真计算电机振动噪声的准确性。其次针对内置式多层磁钢永磁同步电机转子结构的特殊性,仿真分析不同磁钢层数对电机振动噪声的影响。进而提出两种优化方法分别对电机转子结构进行优化,优化后可将电机的声压级分别降低8.1%与5.9%,有效抑制了电机的振动噪声。最后通过对比4种不同极槽配合的永磁同步电机的声压级,分析极槽配合对电机振动噪声的影响,从而可在电机设计阶段预估和抑制电机的振动噪声。

Methods to reduce the vibration noise of permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)with multilayer permanent magnets by optimizing the rotor structure is proposed.Firstly,the sound pressure level of a PMSM with rated power of 20 kW was calculated by finite element simulation based on direct coupling field.The error between the simulation result and the motor noise experiment is less than 6.3%,which verifies the accuracy of the simulation calculation of motor vibration noise.Secondly,according to the particularity of the rotor structure of the PMSM with multilayer permanent magnets,the influence of different number of permanent magnet layers on the vibration and noise of PMSM was analyzed Then two optimization methods were proposed to optimize the rotor structure of the motor respectively.After optimization,the sound pressure level of the motor was reduced by 8.1% and 5.9% respectively.Finally,by comparing the sound pressure levels of four kinds of PMSM with different pole slot matching,the influence of pole groove matching on the vibration and noise of the motor was analyzed to estimate and reduce the vibration and noise of the motor in the design stage of the motor.