上海地区小麦赤霉病菌群体分析

Population analysis of Fusarium pathogenic spp. on wheat in Shanghai

为探明上海地区小麦赤霉病菌的种属和产毒化学型,从上海地区分离获得小麦赤霉病菌65株,其中奉贤区23株、金山区10株、浦东新区12株、青浦区15株、嘉定区5株。鉴定结果表明:1株菌株属于SCAR类型I,是禾谷镰刀菌,其余64株为SCAR类型V,属于亚洲镰刀菌。化学型分析表明:48株为3-ADON型,数量最多;15-ADON型菌株最少,只有3株;其余14株是NIV化学型。其中,从奉贤区和青浦区的小麦中分离到3-ADON型、15-ADON型和NIV型3种化学型菌株;从金山区和浦东新区的小麦中分离到3-ADON型和NIV型;而从嘉定区的小麦中只检测到3-ADON型。研究表明:上海地区以产3-ADON毒素的亚洲镰刀菌为优势病原菌。

Sixty-five strains belonging to Fusarium graminearum species complex were isolated from wheat in Shanghai in this study.Among the strains,23 were isolated from Fengxian,10 were isolated from Jinshan,12 were isolated from Pudong,15 were isolated from Qingpu,and the remaining 5 strains were isolated from Jiading.Of the 65 strains,1 strain was identified as SCAR type I,which belonging to Fusarium graminearum sensu stricto;and the other 64 strains were identified as SCAR type V,belonging to Fusarium asiaticum.All the strains were subjected to chemotyping assays,and the result indicated that 48 strains were 3-ADON producers,3 were15-ADON producers,and the remaining 14 were identified as NIV producers.3-ADON,15-ADON,and NIV chemotypes were found in Fengxian and Qingpu,3-ADON and NIV chemotypes were found in Jinshan and Pudong,while only 3-ADON producers were found in Jiading.It is obvious that the F.asiaticum population with a3-ADON chemotype is predominant in Shanghai.