6种林果树木屑的营养成分分析及其对食用菌生长的影响

Analysis of nutrient composition of 6 kinds of forest and fruit trees sawdust and its effect on the growth of edible fungi

通过分析6种林果树木屑和1种杂木屑的营养成分及其对秀珍菇、猴头菇和大球盖菇菌丝生长的影响,探讨林果树木屑在食用菌生产中的运用。结果表明:6种林果树树枝经粉碎后获得的木屑持水力相差较大,葡萄树和无花果树木屑具有较强的持水力;杂木屑的碳氮比最大,梨树木屑的碳氮比最小;桃树和无花果树木屑的半纤维素含量最高,紫薇树木屑的纤维素含量最高,柳树和桃树木屑的木质素含量最高。7种木屑的煮出液对秀珍菇和猴头菇菌丝生长均有促进作用,仅杂木屑煮出液对大球盖菇菌丝生长有促进作用。7种木屑制作的培养料均能成功栽培秀珍菇和猴头菇。不同食用菌菌丝生长速度均与木屑含碳量显著相关,秀珍菇的菌丝生长速度和产量还与碳氮比显著相关。按照其营养成分与碳含量的关系重新设置配方可将此类木屑运用于生产。用无花果树木屑培养秀珍菇和猴头菇时菇蕾大小整齐,并且能使秀珍菇提前采收。

By analyzing the nutrient composition of 6 kinds of forest and fruit trees sawdust and one kind of mixed sawdust and their effects on the mycelial growth of Pleurotus ostreatus,Hericium erinaceus and Stropharia giganteum,the application of sawdust in edible fungi production was discussed.The results showed that the water holding capacity of sawdust obtained from crushed branches of 6 kinds of forest fruit trees was quite different,and that of grape and fig sawdust was relatively strong.The C/N ratio of mixed sawdust was the highest,and that of pear sawdust was the lowest.The hemicellulose content of peach and fig sawdust was the highest,the cellulose content of crape myrtle sawdust was the highest,and the lignin content of willow and peach sawdust was the highest.The boiling liquid of 7 kinds of sawdust could promote the mycelial growth of P.ostreatus and H.erinaceus,but only the mixed sawdust could promote the mycelial growth of P.ostreatus.P.ostreatus and H.erinaceus could be cultivated successfully with 7 kinds of sawdust.The mycelial growth rate of different edible fungi was significantly correlated with the carbon content of sawdust.The mycelial growth rate and yield of P.ostreatus were also significantly correlated with the C/N ratio.According to the relationship between the nutrient composition and carbon content,the new formula of the sawdust could be used in the production.When P.ostreatus and H.erinaceus were cultured with fig sawdust,the size of the buds was uniform,and the P.ostreatus could be harvested in advance.