思茅松林下生境差异对三七生长和品质的影响

Effect of Habitat Differences under the Forest of Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis on the Growth and Quality of Panax notoginseng

【目的】研究思茅松林下适宜三七生长的环境条件,为三七林下生态种植林地的选择提供支撑。【方法】在云南省普洱市澜沧县竹塘乡思茅松林下三七种植林地设置不同的海拔、朝向和透光率处理,比较不同环境条件下三七生长和品质的差异。【结果】海拔1510 m林地的三七出苗率极显著高于海拔1890 m(P<0.01),海拔1510 m林地的三七总皂苷含量显著高于海拔1890 m(P<0.05),但干质量无显著差异(P>0.05)。阳坡朝向的林地三七干质量和皂苷总含量均高于阴坡朝向。林下透光率在>10%~25%条件下均有利于二年生三七干质量的积累和皂苷的合成;当透光率高于25%时,二年生三七的干质量和皂苷含量均降低。【结论】思茅松林地海拔、朝向和透光率的差异均会影响三七的生长和品质的形成,二年生三七适宜生长在海拔约1510 m、朝向为阳坡、透光率>10%~25%的思茅松林地。

[Purpose]To investigate the effect of habitat under the forest of Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis on the growth of Panax notoginseng,and then provide the theoretical support for the site selection of the ecological planting of P.notoginseng.[Method]Different altitudes,orientations,and light transmittances were set up in the P.kesiya var.langbianensis forest,Zhutang Town,Lancang County,Pu'er City,Yunnan Province.The growth and quality of P.notoginseng under different environmental conditions were compared.[Result]The emergence rate of P.notoginseng at the altitude of 1510 m was significantly higher than that at 1890 m(P<0.01).The total ginsenoside content of the P.notoginseng at the altitude of 1510 m was significantly higher than that at 1890 m(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference(P>0.05)in dry weight.The dry weight and total ginsenoside content of P.notoginseng on the sunny slope were higher than those on the shady slope.Light trans-mittance from>10%to 25%contributed to the higher dry weight and total ginsenoside content of bi-ennial P.notoginseng.The dry weight and ginsenoside content of biennial P.notoginseng decreased when the light transmittance was above 25%.[Conclusion]The difference in altitude,orientation,and light transmittance of P.kesiya var.langbianensis forest affected the growth and quality of P.no-toginseng.Biennial P.notoginseng was suitable for growing P.kesiya var.langbianensis forest with altitude of about 1510 m,sunny slope,and light transmittance of>10%-25%.