人分泌型磷脂酶A2 GIIE的E54突变及其对底物选择性的影响

Effect of E54 mutation of human secreted phospholipase A2 GIIE on substrate selectivity

人分泌型磷脂酶A2 GIIE (Human secreted phospholipase A2 GIIE,hGIIE)通过发挥酶催化作用,参与炎症反应和脂代谢过程。为了揭示hGIIE的底物选择机制,文中对hGIIE进行了定点突变,采用毕赤酵母Pichia pastoris重组表达突变体蛋白,然后通过阳离子交换和分子排阻两步法纯化蛋白,最后用等温微量热滴定仪测定酶活性。hGIIE的结构分析显示,氨基酸E54可能与GIIE的底物头基选择性有关,经过同源序列比对,拟将E54突变为丙氨酸(A)、苯丙氨酸(F)和赖氨酸(K)。突变体E54A、E54F和E54K在毕赤酵母组成型表达系统中实现重组表达,通过两步纯化,纯度达到90%以上。酶活性实验显示,突变体与底物1,2-二己酰卵磷脂(1,2-dihexanoyl-snglycero-3-phosphocholine,DHPC)和1,2-二己酰磷酸甘油(1,2-dihexyl phosphate glycerol,DHPG)的亲和力发生改变,其中突变体E54K与DHPG的Km值为突变前的0.39倍,亲和力明显增强;突变体E54F与DHPC的Km值为突变前的1.93倍,亲和力明显减弱。hGIIE的E54突变体蛋白与磷脂底物的亲和力发生明显改变,说明E54在hGIIE的磷脂底物选择性水解过程中起重要作用。

Human secreted phospholipase A2GIIE(hGIIE) is involved in inflammation and lipid metabolism due to its ability of hydrolyzing phospholipids. To reveal the mechanism of substrate head-group selectivity, we analyzed the effect of mutation of hGIIE on its activity and selectivity. hGIIE structural analysis showed that E54 might be related to its substrate head-group selectivity. According to the sequence alignment, E54 was mutated to alanine, phenylalanine, and lysine. Mutated genes were cloned and expressed in Pichia pastoris X33, and the enzymes with mutations were purified with 90% purity by ion exchange and molecular size exclusion chromatography. The enzymatic activities were determined by isothermal microthermal titration method. The Km of mutant E54K towards 1,2-dihexyl phosphate glycerol decreased by 0.39-fold compared with that of wild type hGIIE(WT), and the Km of E54F towards 1,2-dihexanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine increased by 1.93-fold than that of WT. The affinity of mutant proteins with phospholipid substrate was significantly changed, indicating that E54 plays an important role in the substrate head-group selectivity of hGIIE.