5272名煤矿接尘工人肺量计数据分析

Analysis of spirometer data of 5272 coal dust-exposed miners

目的分析煤矿接尘工人肺量计数据,探讨煤尘对煤矿工人肺功能的影响。方法于2018年6至12月,选取在新疆维吾尔自治区职业病防治院进行职业健康检查的5272名男性煤矿接尘工人作为研究对象,收集工人的基本信息和肺量计数据,分析不同年龄、工龄和工种接尘工人肺功能损伤程度及其影响因素。结果接尘工人肺功能损伤总检出率为33.9%(1785/5272),损伤类型以限制性通气功能障碍为主(66.7%,1190/1785),其次为混合性通气功能障碍(31.4%,561/1785)、阻塞性通气功能障碍(1.9%,34/1785);肺功能轻度损伤检出率为21.0%(1105/5272),中度及以上损伤检出率为12.9%(680/5272);胸片异常检出率为3.4%(179/5272)。肺功能损伤影响因素的logistic回归分析结果显示,40~<50岁员工更易检出肺功能总体损伤和中度及以上肺损伤(P<0.05),工龄35~45年、掘进工更易检出肺功能总体损伤和不同程度肺损伤(P<0.05)。结论煤矿接尘工人肺功能损伤与其年龄、接尘工龄和工种有关,以轻度损伤和限制性通气功能障碍为主。

Objective To analyze the spirometer data of coal mine workers,explore the impact of coal dust on the lung function of coal mine workers.Methods From June to December 2018,5272 male coal mine dust-exposed workers who underwent occupational health examinations at the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Hospital were selected as the research subjects.The basic information and spirometer data of the workers were collected and analyzed for different ages,years of service and the degree of lung function injury of workers exposed to dust and its influencing factors.Results The total detection rate of lung function injury among dust-exposed workers was 33.9%(1785/5272).The type of injury was mainly restrictive ventilatory dysfunction(66.7%,1190/1785),followed by mixed ventilatory dysfunction(31.4%,561/1785),obstructive ventilatory dysfunction(1.9%,34/1785).The detection rate of mild lung function impairment was 21.0%(1105/5272),The detected rate of moderate or higher lung injury was 12.9%(680/5272).The abnormal detection rate of chest radiography was 3.4%(179/5272).The logistic regression analysis of the factors affecting lung function damage showed that employees aged 40-<50 were more likely to detect overall lung function injury and the moderate or higher lung injury(P<0.05),and that they had been working for 35 to 45 years and excavators were more likely to detect overall function injury and different degree of lung injury(P<0.05).Conclusion The lung function injury of coal mine dust-exposed workers is related to their age,dust-exposed working years and type of work,mainly with mild injury and restrictive ventilation dysfunction.