职业性噪声接触与心血管疾病关联性的研究进展

Study on the association between occupational noise exposure and cardiovascular diseases

职业性噪声是工作场所最常见的职业性有害因素之一,长期暴露于职业性噪声不仅可导致听觉系统的损伤,还可能会对心血管系统造成一定影响。大量研究认为职业性噪声接触可导致心血管系统的损伤,包括高血压、冠心病和心肌梗死,但职业性噪声接触和中风的研究结果尚存在争议。本文汇总了近年来国内外人群流行病学资料,综述了职业性噪声接触与高血压、冠心病、中风和心肌梗死等心血管疾病之间的关系,为设计和开展更完善的流行病学和机制研究、深入认识职业性噪声接触在心血管疾病发生发展中的作用奠定基础,从而更好地保护劳动者的健康。

Occupational noise is one of the most common occupational hazards in the workplace.Long-term exposure to occupational noise could not only lead to the damage of the hearing system,but also may cause a certain impact on the cardiovascular system.Studies have shown that occupational noise exposure was positively associated with cardiovascular diseases,including hypertension,coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction.However,the results of studies on occupational noise exposure and stroke are still controversial.This paper reviews the relationship between occupational noise exposure and hypertension,coronary heart disease,stroke,myocardial infarction by summarizing the epidemiological data of domestic and foreign population in recent years.Our study could provide evidence for the design and implementation of well-designed epidemiological and mechanism studies,and the recognition of the role of occupational noise exposure in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases,so as to better protect workers'health.