我国科学数据开放共享政策量化评价——基于PMC指数模型的分析

Quantitative Evaluation of China's Open and Sharing Policies of Scientific Data:Based on PMC Index Model

[目的/意义]科学数据开放共享政策对于规范与促进科学数据开放共享活动起着重要的作用,因此对现行政策进行梳理与评价对今后政策的制定具有重要的启发意义。[方法/过程]以2001-2020年我国国家层面出台的114项科学数据开放共享政策为研究对象,采用文本挖掘、内容分析等方法提取政策文本中高频词,并参照已有学者相关政策指标遴选设计出科学数据开放共享评价指标,利用PMC指数模型对其中6项科学数据开放共享政策进行量化评价。[结果/结论]研究结果表明,P_(5)为优秀水平,P_(1)、P_(2)、P_(4)、P_(6)为良好水平,P_(3)为及格水平,国家层面科学数据开放共享政策整体质量表现良好,但仍有一定的提升空间;政策的专指性越强,PMC指数的得分越低;政策的效力级别越高,PMC指数的得分越高。

[Purpose/Significance]Open and sharing policies of scientific data play an important role in regulating and promoting scientific data open sharing activities,so it is significant to review and evaluate the current policies to inspire future policy development.[Method/Process]This article takes 114 scientific data open sharing policies issued at the national level in China as the research objects from 2001 to 2020,adopts text mining and content analysis methods to extract high-frequency words in the policy documents,and designs scientific data open sharing evaluation indexes by referring to the relevant policy indexes selected by existing scholars,and uses the PMC index model to quantify six of the scientific data open sharing policies.The PMC index model was used to quantify six of the scientific data open sharing policies.[Result/Conclusion]The results show that policy 5 is at excellent level,policies 1,2,4,and 6 are at good levels,and policy 3 is at passing level.The overall quality of open and sharing policies of scientific data at the national level is satisfactory,but there is still some space to improve;the stronger the specificity of the policy,the lower the score of the PMC index;the higher the effectiveness level of the policy,the higher the score of the PMC index.