农户精准施肥两阶段异质性及采纳行为研究——基于劳动偏向型特征的再考察

Two Stages of Precision Fertilization and Farmers’ Adoption——Re-examination of Labor-intensive Characteristics

本文利用江苏、湖南、江西三省722户水稻种植户调查数据,以测土配方施肥技术为例,分析了精准施肥两阶段异质性和农户采纳行为。结果表明:(1)现阶段,劳动力供给不足是导致农户接受配方肥,但不进行科学施用的主要原因,这使得农户用传统施肥方式施用配方肥,化肥用量未显著下降。(2)经营规模细分后的结果显示,非规模户科学施用决策主要受家庭劳动力供给的影响,劳动力供给越多,农户越可能科学施用配方肥;而规模户则主要受农业雇工成本的影响,雇工成本越低,农户越可能科学施用配方肥。

This research takes soil testing and formulated fertilization as an example of precision fertilization technology to investigate farmers’ adoption of labor-intensive technology. Results show that:(1) at present, the lack of labor supply is the key to affect farmers to use formula fertilizer, but not to use it scientifically.(2) Using formula fertilizer cannot reduce fertilizer utilization. Only when applying formula fertilizer scientifically can the total amount of fertilizer used to be reduced.(3) Small-scale farmers’ adoption of scientific application is affected by family labor supply. Households with more supply of family labor are more likely to apply formula fertilizer scientifically. In contrast, large-scale farmers’ adoption of scientific applications is significantly affected by employment costs. Farmers in the region where employment cost is lower are more likely to apply fertilizer scientifically.