基于数值实验的舱外航天服肩法兰布局优化研究

Research on Optimization of Extravehicular Spacesuit ShoulderFlange Layout Based on Numerical Experiments

舱外航天服肩法兰对于人体上肢活动能力的限制直接影响着航天服的适体性与工效。为探究肩法兰布局各设计因素与人体上肢活动的相关性,首先分析舱外服肩法兰与人体上肢活动的相互关系,其次在人体上肢可达域运动学模型基础上附加肩法兰约束,建立了肩法兰与人体上肢耦合模型;基于Matlab开展计算机数值实验,以单、双手可达域空间体积作为评价指标,对舱外服肩法兰的4个设计因素(左右肩法兰中心距离l、肩法兰内径d、肩法兰的空间角度α和γ)进行分析。结果表明:肩法兰与人体上肢耦合模型可有效计算肩法兰对人体上肢活动的影响,肩法兰设计因素角度α是影响单手操作空间的主要因素,内径d是影响双手操作空间的主要因素。研究结果可应用于肩法兰布局方案的设计与评价。

The limitation of the shoulder flange on the mobility of the human upper limbs directly affects the fitness and ergonomics of the extravehicular spacesuit.To explore the correlation between the various design factors of the shoulder flange layout and the activities of the upper limbs of the human body,the relationship between the shoulder flange of the extravehicular spacesuit and the activities of the upper limbs of the human body was analyzed.Then,on the basis of the kinematics model of the reachable area of the human upper limbs,the shoulder flange constraint was added,and a coupling model of the shoulder flange and the human upper limb was established.Computer numerical experiments were carried out on Matlab with the range,variance and regression analysis and other methods,and the single-hand and two-hand reachable space volumes were taken as evaluation indicators.The four design factors of the shoulder flange of the extravehicular spacesuit were analyzed including the center distance l of the left and right shoulder flange,the inner diameter d of the shoulder flange,and the spatial angleαandγof the shoulder flange.The results showed that the coupling model of shoulder flange and human upper limb could effectively calculate the influence of shoulder flange on human upper limb activities.Among the design factors of the shoulder flange,the angleαwas the main factor affecting the one-hand operation space.The inner diameter d of the shoulder flange was the main factor affecting the operating space of both hands.The research results could be applied to the design and evaluation of the shoulder flange layout.