再生水补给差异对浮游动物群落结构的影响--以北京市清河、温榆河、白河为例

Effect of reclaimed water supply difference on zooplankton community structure--Taking Qing River,Wenyu River and Bai River in Beijing as the example

再生水补给对河流浮游动物的分布特征、生态系统稳定等方面有着重要意义。文章选取北京市完全再生水补给河流(清河)、部分再生水补给河流(温榆河)、无再生水补给河流(白河)为研究对象,分别于春夏秋冬四季对浮游动物和水质指标进行检测。结果表明,3条河流原生动物和轮虫均为优势浮游动物类群,浮游动物密度为温榆河>清河>白河;3条河流浮游动物密度均在夏季达到最高值,两条再生水河流中Berger-Parker物种优势度指数均在冬季达到最高值;两条再生水补给河流中,浮游动物密度、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Margalef丰富度指数、均匀度指数总体上均高于无再生水补给河流;完全再生水河流Shannon-Wiener指数和Margalef指数随水体综合营养状态指数的增高而显著降低。

The reclaimed water supply is significant for the distribution characteristics and eco-system stabilization of the zooplankton in the river.Therefore,the Qing River(a river totally supplied with reclaimed water),Wenyu River(a river mixed with reclaimed water)and Bai River(a natural river)were selected as the research objects to measure the zooplankton diversity and water quality indexes in spring,summer,autumn and winter,respectively.The results showed that protozoan and rotifer were the dominant zooplankton taxa in these rivers.The zooplankton density in the two reclaimed water rivers was higher than that in the natural river.The largest density was obtained in the summer for all the three rivers.The Berger-Parker index reached the highest values in winter for the two reclaimed water rivers.In general,the abundance and biodiversity indexes of Shannon-Wiener,Margalef and Evenness of the zooplankton in the two rivers supplied with reclaimed water were all higher than those in the natural river(Bai River).The Shannon-Wiener and Margalef biodiversity indexes decreased significantly with the increase of the comprehensive trophic state index of water body for Qing River.