优质杧果新品种桂芒一号的选育

Breeding report of a new high-quality mango cultivar Guimang 1

桂芒一号是以紫花芒和金煌芒为亲本杂交育成的中晚熟优质杧果新品种。果实长椭圆形,平均单果质量425.0 g;果肉浅橙色,纤维少,味清甜,有奶香;可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)22.3%,总糖含量19.1 g·100 g^(-1),总酸含量0.21 g·100 g^(-1),维生素C含量9.08 mg·100 g^(-1),可食率78.5%,品质优。该品种生长势较强,两性花比例和坐果率高,4年生树平均株产21.0 kg,折算产量达17640.0 kg·hm^(-2),丰产、稳产性好;在广西南宁和桂南地区成熟期为7月下旬至8月中旬,果实生育期110~130 d。采收后熟后室温贮藏期3~5 d。该品种品质优良,适宜在广西杧果产区种植,果实套袋可改善外观。

Guimang 1 is a new mango cultivar with high quality derived from the cross of jinhuang mango and zihua mango.In 2007,the hybridization with zihua mang and jinhuang mang was carried out.From 2009 to 2010,three excellent lines were selected by surveying the character of flower and fruit and the fruit quality analysis.In 2011,the GM-1 single plant was selected for cultivation test.Through consecutive adaptability testing and evaluation from 2013 to 2016,the single plant has early bearing,high yield and high quality characters.The crown of the tree has a round head shape,strong growth potential,and strong branching ability.The trunk is rough and gray brown.The character of leaf is blade lanceolate,leathery,and acuminate.The leaf margin is flat and the leaf base is round.The young leaves are purplish red,and the mature leaves are dark green.The fruit is long oval in shape;the average fruit weight was 425.0 g;The flesh is salmon,less fiber,sweet taste,coconut milk flavor.The embryo type is single.The soluble solid content was 22.3%,the total sugar content was 19.1 g·100 g^(-1),the total acid content was 0.21 g·100 g^(-1),and the vitamin C content was 9.08 mg·100 g^(-1).The edible rate of fruit was 78.5%.The cultivar has stronger growth,high bisexual flower ratio and fruit setting rate.The average yield of 4-year-old trees is 21.0 kg.Plant row spacing is 4 m×3 m and 56 plants are planted per 666.7 m^(2).The yield will be to 17640.0 kg·hm^(-2).The fruit development period is about 110-130 d.It ripens from late July to mid august in Nanning.The postripeness fruit has very long storage-life and room temperature life is 3-5 days,after storage the fruit aroma is quite strong.Guangxi mango producing area is suitable region to plant Guimang 1.Throughout flowering period it should be noted that the mango pancile is peculiarly prone to powdery and anthracnose.The fruit bagging will be more than fruit without bagging on fruit appearance.