透明木材的性能及其应用研究进展

Research Progress of Properties and Applications of Transparent Wood

透明木材作为一种新兴环境友好型材料,兼具天然木材的可持续可再生性和玻璃的优良光学性质,强度高于木材、韧性优于玻璃,且相对塑料更节能环保,短短几年内,透明木材的制备和应用取得了快速的发展,将功能性纳米粒子与透明木材复合亦可获得新的功能特性,如磁性、荧光性、抗紫外性等。本文以透明木材的性能出发,分析了木材性质、漂白方法、聚合物类型、界面因素及添加物质对其性能的影响,总结了透明木材在建筑、发光材料、光伏器件、磁性材料及储能材料等领域的应用,最后指出,系统化研究其耐腐蚀性、阻燃性、光稳定性,寻找工业化生产的方法是未来的研究重点,以期为透明木材的性能调控以及深入研究提供理论基础和实践方向。

As an emerging environment-friendly material, Transparent wood has both the sustainable renewable properties of natural wood and the excellent optical properties of glass. The strength of transparent wood is higher than that of wood, its toughness is better than glass, and is more energy-saving and environmentally friendly than plastic. The preparation and application of wood has achieved rapid development in just a few years. New functional properties such as magnetic properties, fluorescence, and UV resistance can also be obtained by combining functional nanoparticles with transparent wood. Based on the properties of transparent wood, this paper analyzes the effects of wood properties, bleaching methods, polymer types, interface factors and added substances on transparent wood, and summarizes the applications of transparent wood in construction, luminescent materials, photovoltaic materials, magnetic materials and energy storage materials. Finally, it is pointed out that systematic research on its corrosion resistance, flame retardancy, and light stability, and finding industrial production methods are the focus of future research, in order to provide theoretical basis and practical direction for the control of properties and further research of transparent wood.