隐形矫治对高角度骨骼Ⅱ类错[牙合]畸形患者上气道和上颌骨变化的影响

Effect of invisible applianceon the changes of upper airway and maxilla in patients with high-angle skeletal ClassⅡmalocclusion

目的探讨隐形矫治对高角度骨骼Ⅱ类错[牙合]畸形患者上气道和上颌骨变化的影响。方法观察110例骨性Ⅱ类错[牙合]畸形患者矫治前后上气道容积、上气道前后径、舌体以及舌骨位置变化情况,评估患者侧貌美学效果。结果矫治18个月后患者口咽段容积、舌咽段容积、腭咽段容积以及上气道最小截面积明显高于矫治前,差异显著(P<0.05)。矫治18个月后患者下颌平面后部上气道前后径显著高于矫治前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。矫治前后患者舌体位置及舌骨变化比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。矫治18个月后患者UI-LI角较矫治前增大(P<0.05);ANB角、GoGn-SN角、UI-SN角、UI-PP角、LI-MP角、OPP-SN角、UI-AP角以及UI-AP距离较矫治前减小,差异显著(P<0.05)。结论隐形矫治有利于高角型骨性Ⅱ类错[牙合]畸形患者上气道开放,纠正患者上颌骨畸形,并能提高患者侧貌美学评估效果。

Objective To investigate the effect of invisible applianceon the changes of upper airway and maxilla in patients with high-angle skeletal ClassⅡmalocclusion.Methods 110 patients with skeletal ClassⅡmalocclusion and deformity were admitted to our hospital for invisible appliancewere selected.Upper airway volume,anteroposterior diameter,tongue body and hyoid position changes before and after correction were observed,and the aesthetic effect of the profile was also assessed.Results Eighteen months after the treatment,the oropharyngeal volume,the glossopharyngeal volume,the velopharyngeal volume and the minimum cross-sectional area of upper airway were significantly higher than those before the treatment(P<0.05).After 18 months of correction,the anteroposterior diameter of the upper airway at the posterior mandibular plane was significantly higher than before the correction(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the changes of the tongue body position and hyoid bone before and after the treatment(P>0.05).After 18 months of correction,the UI-LI angle increased(P<0.05);ANB angle,GoGn-SN angle,UI-SN angle,UI-PP angle,LIMP angle,OPP-SN angle,UI-AP angle and UI-AP distance were smaller than before correction(P<0.05).Conclusion Invisible applianceis is beneficial to the opening of the upper airway,correcting the maxillary deformity of the patient,and improving the aesthetic evaluation of the profile in patients with high-angle skeletal ClassⅡmalocclusion.