2015-2019年清远市血吸虫病监测结果分析

Analysis of schistosomiasis surveillance results in Qingyuan city from2015 to 2019

目的分析清远市血吸虫病防治监测数据,掌握全市血防工作动态,为今后制定血吸虫病防治方案提供科学依据。方法收集整理2015-2019年清远市血吸虫病原流行区的监测资料,包括对3268名来自疫区的流动人口和2025名有螺区本地村民开展血清学检测,血清学阳性者再开展病原学检测。对原流行区开展从其他血吸虫病流行区引进的牛、羊、猪、马、狗等家畜的血吸虫血清学和病原学检测。监测点监测、常规监测调查钉螺孳生和感染情况。结果2015-2019年全市共来自疫区的流动人口和有螺区本地居民血清学阳性率分别为0.34%和0.25%,流动人口血检阳性率与本地居民血检阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.334,P=0.564)。对418头大型家畜开展血清学调查,结果均为阴性,未发现有新感染的血吸虫病病人和病畜。查出有螺面积105649 m^(2),查获活钉螺6937只,未发现血吸虫感染性钉螺。结论2015-2019年清远市消除血吸虫病防治成果得以巩固,但残存钉螺和传染源等传播风险仍然存在。今后血吸虫病监测工作应进一步加强螺情和传染源监测力度,适时开展风险评估,进一步巩固血防成果。

Objective To grasp the dynamics of the city’s schistosomiasis control work and provide a scientific basis for future schistosomiasis control plans by analyzing the monitoring data of schistosomiasis control in Qingyuan city in the past five years.Methods The surveillance data of schistosomiasis pathogen endemic areas in Qingyuan city from 2015 to 2019 was collected and analyzed.Serological tests were performed on 3268 floating populations from epidemic areas and 2025 local villagers in snail areas;pathogenic tests were further carried out for those sero-positive persons.Schistosomiasis serology and pathogen detection were carried out on cattle,sheep,pigs,horses,dogs and other domestic animals imported from other schistosomiasis endemic areas.Surveillance was performed at monitoring points and routine monitoring was performed to investigate Oncomelania breeding and infection.Results From 2015 to 2019,the serological positive rates of floating population from epidemic areas and local villagers in snail areas were 0.34% and 0.25%,respectively.And there was no statistically significant difference between the two rates(χ^(2)=0.334,P=0.564).Serological investigations were carried out on 418 large livestock,and the results were all negative.No newly infected patients or livestock with schistosomiasis were found.Six thousand nine hundred thirty-seven live snails were seized and 105649 m^(2) was found of harbouring snails,and no infected snails were found.Conclusions The achievements in the prevention and control of schistosomiasis in Qingyuan city from 2015 to 2019 were consolidated,but transmission risks such as Oncomelania and source infection still exist.In future,the monitoring of schistosomiasis should further strengthen the monitoring of snail status and transmission source,carry out risk assessment in a timely manner,and further consolidate the results of schistosomiasis control.