新疆地区棉花生育期揭膜与否对黄萎病发生的影响

Effect of Film-uncovering or not During Cotton Growth Period on the Verticillium Wilt in Xinjiang

为探索新疆机采棉收获后才揭膜栽培模式下与滴水前揭膜的黄萎病发病率有无变化,对棉花生产有无影响。在新疆生产建设兵团第一师农业科学研究所2号地进行试验。结果表明,生期期不揭膜黄萎病发病高峰期时的发病率和病指高于对照,但差异不显著;生育期不揭膜处理的土壤0~10 cm土层温度增加、含水量略降、电导率明显降低;生育期不揭膜处理的总产量高于对照,差异显著;纤维品质总体好于对照,个别项目差异显著。究其原因,生育期不揭膜降低了土壤后期返盐程度和电导率。

In order to explore the change of incidence of verticillium wilt and the affect of cotton production under the cultivation mode of uncovering film only after the cotton was machine-harvested and covering film before drip irrigation(control)in Xinjiang.The experiment was carried out in plot 2 of Institute of Agricultural Science Research,1 st Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps.The results showed that under the cultivation mode of uncovering film only after the cotton was machine-harvested,the incidence and index of verticillium wilt in the peak period and the cotton yield were higher than control,but the difference was not significant;the temperature of the 0-10 cm soil layer of the soil without film removal during the growth period increased,the water content decreased slightly,and the electrical conductivity was significantly reduced;the total yield of the treatment without exposing the film during the growth period was higher than that of the control,and the difference was significant;the fiber quality was generally better than that of the control,and the differences in individual items were significant.The reason is that the non-removal of the film during the growth period reduces the salinity of the soil in the later stage,and the plant is relatively robust and has strong disease tolerance and electrical conductivity.