汉语译文中人称代词句法成分的类比显化研究

An Analogical Explicit Study of Syntactic Constituent of Personal Pronouns in Translated Chinese Version

人称代词显化是翻译共性研究关注的焦点之一。本文利用HanLP工具对LCMC汉语母语语料库和ZCTC汉语译文语料库中包含人称代词的句子进行依存句法分析,发现汉语译文中人称代词在充当不同句法成分时其类比显化程度不同,其中以主语和定语的类比显化最为显著;当人称代词充当主语或定语时,又以第三人称的类比显化最为显著,且单数形式较复数形式的类比显化更为显著。从对比语言学的角度来看,主语显化多由英汉句法结构的差异造成;定语显化多由英汉人称代词使用系统的差异造成;人称形式和单复数形式上的显化程度差异则多由英汉人称代词篇章语用功能的差异造成。这些发现有助于推动翻译共性研究,及细化英汉翻译在代词处理方面的教学。

The explicitation of personal pronouns is one of major focuses on the study of translation universality.This study uses the HanLP dependency parser to analyze all the sentences with personal pronouns retrieved from LCMC and ZCTC corpora.Results show that personal pronouns in translated Chinese version have different analogical explicit degrees when they act as different syntactic constituents,among which personal pronouns as subjects and modifiers are more explicit than those in other syntactic roles.As for personal pronouns as subjects or modifiers,third-person pronouns are more explicit than first-and second-person pronouns,and singular ones are more explicit than plural ones.Seeing from the perspective of comparative linguistics,we find evidences in the corpus data suggesting the following three major causes.First,the explicitation of personal pronouns as subjects is mainly caused by differences in syntactic structure between English and Chinese.Second,the explicitation of personal pronouns as modifiers is mainly caused by differences in personal pronoun paradigm between English and Chinese.Third,differences in explicitation of personal pronouns with different Person and Number features are mainly caused by differences in pragmatic function of personal pronouns between English and Chinese.All these findings contribute to the promotion of studying translation universality,thus providing pedagogical guidance for pronoun translation from English to Chinese.