不同育苗方式落叶松苗木生长及生物量特征研究

Study on the growth and biomass characteristics of larch seedlings with different seedling raising methods

本研究通过比较1、2年生落叶松容器苗和裸根苗的生长和生物量指标差异,为落叶松育苗技术改进提供数据支撑和理论依据。结果表明,1年生落叶松容器苗的苗木质量优于1年生裸根苗,1、2年生落叶松容器苗的株高分别比裸根苗高8.85 cm和2.11 cm。但苗木进入第2年生长后,容器苗的生长速度明显降低了。在生物量方面,参试苗木的各个器官鲜质量均表现为叶>茎>根>枝。除了1年生容器苗各个器官干质量表现为叶>根>茎>枝之外,其他参试植株各个器官干质量表现与鲜质量一致。1年生容器苗根、茎、叶、枝和总质量的鲜质量和干质量均大于裸根苗。2年生苗木的结果与1年生苗木的结果相反,表现为裸根苗优于容器苗。各器官生物量分配比例,1年生容器苗的根生物量/总生物量、地上生物量分配比、根冠生物量比、光合器官比非光合器官等指标优于1年生裸根苗,而2年生苗木的结果则相反。苗木质量指数表明,1年生容器苗优于1年生裸根苗,而2年生苗木的结果则相反。上述研究结果表明,可通过提高管理措施的办法进一步促进1年生容器苗的生长,促使1年生落叶松容器苗达到I级造林苗标准,实现1年生落叶松容器苗可用于造林,落叶松育苗周期缩短50%,为生产上提供全新的落叶松育苗技术。

In this study,the growth and biomass indexes of 1-year-old and 2-year-old Larch container seedlings and bare root seedlings were compared to provide data support and theoretical basis for the improvement of larch seedling-raising technique.The results indicated that quality of 1-year-old Larch container seedlings was better than that of 1-year-old bare root seedlings,the height of 1-year-old and 2-year-old larch container seedlings were 8.85 cm and 2.11 cm larger than those of bare root seedlings,respectively.However,the growth rate of container seedlings decreased significantly after the second year.For biomass,fresh weight of organs of the tested seedlings was shown as leaf>stem>root>branch.The dry weight organs of 1-year-old container seedlings was leaf>root>stem>branch while dry weight of other seedlings was consistent with their fresh weight.The fresh and dry weight of root,stem,leaf,branch and total biomass of 1-year-old container seedlings were higher than that of bare root seedlings.The results of 2-year-old seedlings contrary to that of 1-year-old seedlings,showing that bare root seedlings were better than container seedlings.The result of biomass distribution ratio of each organ showed that,the root biomass-total biomass ratio,aboveground biomass distribution ratio,root cap biomass ratio,photosynthetic organ-non photosynthetic organ ratio of 1-year-old container seedlings were better than those of 1-year-old bare root seedlings,while the results of 2-year-old container seedlings were the opposite.The seedling quality index also showed that 1-year-old container seedlings were better than 1-year-old bare root seedlings,while the results of 2-year-old seedlings were the opposite.The above results indicated that the growth of 1-year-old container seedlings could be promoted by improving the management measures,so that the 1-year-old Larch container seedlings could reach the 1-Grade standard,which provided a new seedling-raising technique.