三角枫、加拿大糖槭、鸡爪槭叶片形态与光合特性比较

Comparison of Leaf Morphology and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Acer buergerianum,Acer saccharum and Acer palmatum

[目的]解析槭属树种的生理机制。[方法]以3种槭属植物为研究对象,对其叶片形态与光合特性进行了比较分析。[结果]加拿大糖槭的叶面积显著高于三角枫、鸡爪槭的叶面积,叶厚度无明显差异;三角枫的比叶面积显著高于鸡爪槭、加拿大糖槭。三角枫的净光合速率、气孔导度、水分利用效率显著高于加拿大糖槭、鸡爪槭,加拿大糖槭、鸡爪槭的胞间CO2浓度显著高于三角枫;三角枫叶绿素a含量、叶绿素总量、叶绿素a/叶绿素b的比值显著高于加拿大糖槭、鸡爪槭。[结论]三角枫最耐强光照;加拿大糖槭幼苗夏季需遮阴越夏,2年生以上苗木则无需遮阴;鸡爪槭露天栽植夏季高温叶片易焦枯,宜半阴处栽植。

[Objective]The aim of this study was to analyze the physiological mechanism of Acer species.[Method]The leaf morphology and photosynthetic characteristics of three species of Acer were compared and analyzed.[Result]The results showed that the leaf area of Acer saccharum was significantly higher than the Acer buergerianum and Acer palmatum.No difference between the leaf thickness.The specific leaf area of Acer buergerianum was significantly higher than that of Acer palmatum and Acer saccharum.The net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,water use efficiency of Acer buergerianum were significantly higher than that of Acer saccharum and Acer palmatum.Intercellular CO2 concentration of Acer saccharum and Acer palmatum was significantly higher than that of Acer buergerianum.The content of chlorophyll a,total chlorophyll and chlorophyll a/chlorophyll b of Acer buergerianum were significantly higher than that of Acer saccharum and Acer palmatum.[Conclusion]Acer buergerianum are the most adaptive to strong light.Acer saccharum seedlings need shading in summer,but more than two years old seedling may not need shading.Leaves of Acer palmatum are easy to scorch dry in opened air planting in summer,while suitable for planting in half shade.