阿里地区杏的果实表型性状多样性分析

Diversity Analysis of Fruit Phenotypic Traits of Apricot in Ali

为了明确阿里地区野生杏种质资源的遗传多样性,以阿里地区札达县底雅乡3个不同海拔梯度的自然分布村庄为研究对象,采集了27个单株样品。测定其果实形态特征相关指标,利用DPS7.05软件对表型指标进行分析。(1)11个非数值型性状的Simpson指数,除了着色程度、着色类型、肉色、风味、汁液5个性状外,为什布奇村居群最大,鲁巴村居群居中,底雅村居群最小;果实形态、果顶、整齐度、核粘性状为什布奇村居群最大。(2)27组杏果实样本各表型性状的变异系数存在较大差异,果实表型性状变异幅度由大到小依次是:单果重(10.23%)>可溶性固形物含量(9.41%)>果形指数(4.32%)>纵径(3.72%)>果肉厚度(3.26%)>横径(3.12%)。(3)杏果实的表型性状间的相关性表现是在果实的果形指数与果实的纵径成显著正相关,纵径以及果肉厚度、横径与纵径、单果重与厚度、横径与单果重呈极显著正相关;横径与果形指数呈极显著负相关;其它指标之间相关性较小。阿里地区野生杏在不同居群会表现出不同的多样性,这是由于阿里野生杏处于不同经纬度及海拔,温度湿度及大气压均会影响杏子的生长。果实单果重受环境影响较大,果实横径、纵径、果肉厚度及果形指数这些性状相对稳定。果实的果形指数与果实的纵径成显著正相关,纵径以及果肉厚度、横径与纵径、单果重与厚度、横径与单果重呈极显著正相关;横径与果形指数呈极显著负相关。

In order to clarify the genetic diversity of wild apricot germplasm resources in Ngari prefecture,27 individual plant samples were collected from 3 naturally distributed villages in Diya township,Zanda county,Ngari prefecture as the research object.The related indexes of fruit morphological characteristics were measured,and the phenotypic indexes were analyzed by DPS7.05 software.(i)The Simpson index of 11 non-numeric traits,in addition to the five traits of coloring degree,coloring type,flesh color,flavor,and juice,is the largest in Shibqi village and the middle in Luba village.Yacun has the smallest population;the fruit morphology,fruit top,regularity,and nuclear stickiness are the largest in Shibqi village.(ii)The coefficient of variation of each phenotypic trait of the 27 groups of apricot fruit samples is quite different.The order of variation of the phenotypic traits of the fruit is as follows:single fruit weight(10.23%)>soluble solid content(9.41%)>fruit Shape index(4.32%)>longitudinal diameter(3.72%)>pulp thickness(3.26%)>transverse diameter(3.12%).(iii)The correlation between the phenotypic traits of apricot fruits is that the fruit shape index of the fruit is significantly positively correlated with the longitudinal diameter of the fruit.The longitudinal diameter and the thickness of the pulp,the transverse diameter and the longitudinal diameter,the weight and thickness of the individual fruit,and the transverse diameter.There is a very significant positive correlation with the weight of a single fruit;the transverse diameter has a very significant negative correlation with the fruit shape index;the correlation between other indicators is small.The wild apricots in the Ngari area show different diversity in different populations.This is because the wild apricots in Ngari are located at different latitudes and longitudes and altitudes.Temperature,humidity and atmospheric pressure will affect the growth of apricots.The individual fruit weight of the fruit is greatly affected by the environment,and the traits of the fruit’s horizontal diameter,vertical diameter,pulp thickness and fruit shape index are relatively stable.The fruit shape index of the fruit is significantly positively correlated with the longitudinal diameter of the fruit.The longitudinal diameter and pulp thickness,the transverse diameter and the longitudinal diameter,the single fruit weight and thickness,the transverse diameter and the single fruit weight are extremely significantly positively correlated;the transverse diameter and the fruit shape index are significantly positively correlated very significant negative correlation.