保山烟区主要气候因子与烟叶化学成分的相关性

Correlation Between Main Climatic Factors and Chemical Component of Tobacco Leaf in Baoshan Tobacco-growing Area

【目的】探明影响保山烟区烟叶主要化学成分的气象因子及其相关性,为烤烟生态区域划分与生产提供参考。【方法】采用数据调查、相关分析及回归分析方法,研究2009-2019年内保山烟区烤烟大田生育期的主要气象因子(降雨量、气温、湿度和日照时数)与烤烟主要化学成分的相关性。【结果】影响保山烟区烟叶化学成分的气候因子依次为气温、降雨量、湿度和日照时数;成熟期均温与烟碱含量呈显著负相关关系;伸根期温度与总糖含量呈显著正相关关系,伸根期均温、大田期均温与还原糖含量呈显著负相关关系,伸根期湿度与还原糖含量呈极显著正相关关系,还原糖含量与大田期湿度呈显著正相关关系,成熟期均温与糖碱比呈极显著正相关关系,旺长期降雨量与烟碱含量呈极显著负相关关系,旺长期降雨与糖碱比呈显著正相关关系。【结论】气象指标中均温与湿度变异系数相对较小,烟叶各化学成分与均温、湿度的影响关系状况较为稳定,受外界干扰相对较小;降雨量变异系数较大,烟叶各化学成分与旺长期降雨量的影响关系状况波动较大,受外界干扰较大。

【Objective】In order to provide a reference for ecological regionization and production of flue-cured tobacco,the meteorological factors affecting main chemical component of tobacco leaves in Baoshan tobacco-growing area and their relationship are explored.【Method】The data investigation,correlation analysis and regression analysis methods are used to study the correlation between main meteorological factors(precipitation,temperature,humidity and sunshine duration)at field growth stage of flue-cured tobacco and main chemical component of flue-cured tobacco in Baoshan tobacco-growing area during 2009-2019.【Result】The chemical component of tobacco leaves and climatic factors are affected by temperature,precipitation,humidity and sunshine duration in Baoshan tobacco-growing areas.The mean temperature at mature stage is significantly and negatively related to nicotine content.The temperature at root extension stage is significantly and positively related to total sugar content.The mean temperature at root extension stage and field stage is significantly and negatively related to reducing sugar content.The humidity at root extension stage is very significantly and positively related to reducing sugar content.Reducing sugar content is significantly and positively related to humidity at field stage.Mean temperature at mature stage is very significantly and positively related to sugar-nicotine ratio.Precipitation at vigorously growing stage is very significantly and negatively related to nicotine content.The precipitation at vigorously growing stage is significantly and positively related to sugar-nicotine ratio.【Conclusion】The variable coefficient of mean temperature and humidity in meteorological indexes is relative less,and the relationship between chemical component of tobacco leaves and mean temperature and humidity is more stable,and the external disturbance is less.The variable coefficient of precipitation is great,and the relationship between chemical component of tobacco leaves and precipitation at vigorously growing stage fluctuate greatly,and the external disturbance is great.