抗量子密码学综述

A Survey on Post Quantum Cryptography

现今社会的发展,无论是在医疗、科学研究还电子商务等众多领域中,加密系统都扮演着非常重要的角色。然而由于量子计算机的快速发展,对当前网络协议的安全性产生了威胁[1]。已经有科学家提出了一些理论可行的使用量子计算机能够在很短的时间内就能破解目前大部分我们正在使用的加密算法[2-3],因此迫切需要设计更强大的具有抵抗量子计算机攻击的加密系统。在过去的几十年里,人们对抗量子密码学以及相关的研究领域与主题进行了大量的研究[4-7],然而一直没有确定安全可靠的抗量子算法标准。文章以NIST(美国国家标准与技术研究所)抗量子密码算法征集计划所征集到的一些的抗量子密码算法为例,对不同的抗量子公钥加密算法和抗量子签名方案进行概述。

The development of society has seen cryptographic systems play a very important role in many fields such as medical,scientific research and e-commerce. However, due to the rapid development of quantum computers, the security of current network protocols is threatened. Some scientists have proposed theoretically feasible ways to use quantum computers to break most of the encryption algorithms we are currently using in a very short time, so there is an urgent need to design more robust encryption systems with resistance to quantum computer attacks. Over the past few decades, much research has been conducted on antiquantum cryptography and related research areas and topics, yet no secure and reliable standard for anti-quantum algorithms has been identified. In this paper, we present an overview of different quantum-resistant public key encryption algorithms and quantum-resistant signature schemes, using some of the quantum-resistant cryptographic algorithms solicited by the NIST(National Institute of Standards and Technology) Quantum-Resistant Cryptographic Algorithm Solicitation Program as examples.