灌注液体型防污表面研究进展

Research Progress of Antifouling Slippery Liquid-Infused Porous Surface

生物污损已成为海运业面临的重大技术难题,构筑绿色防污表面是环保法规日益严格形势下,解决海洋生物污损的重要手段。基于猪笼草仿生的液体灌注型防污表面是近年来研究的焦点问题,具有广阔的应用前景。总结了仿生液体灌注型超滑表面的设计机理,重点介绍了基底粗糙多孔结构的制备工艺和粗糙结构尺度对于表面稳定性的影响。总结了仿生液体灌注型超滑表面的设计机理,重点介绍了粗糙多孔结构的制备工艺和结构尺度对于液体层稳定性的影响。研究表明,纳米孔隙结构提供的强大毛细作用力是形成稳定液体层的关键。分析了润滑液的选择种类与依据,对于海洋防污领域,绿色环保且价格相对低廉的润滑液将是较好的选择。阐述了基底化学改性的手段以及通过化学反应使润滑液与基底形成共价键的超滑表面制备。同时,介绍了润滑液注入工艺和油膜检测手段等制备过程中不可忽略的问题。总结了灌注液体型表面在海洋防污领域的研究进展,以及应用过程中存在的问题,同时展望了灌注液体型表面在防污领域应用的发展趋势。探索环保高效、具有经济性的灌注液体型涂层将会是其在防污领域大规模应用的发展方向。

Marine biofouling has become a significant technical challenge in the shipping industry.With increasingly strict requirements of environmental regulations,the construction of green antifouling surface is a feasible solution to inhibit marine biofouling.Liquid-infused antifouling surface inspired by Nepenthes is the focus of research in recent years and has broad application prospects.The design mechanism of biomimetic slippery liquid-infused porous surface was deeply summarized,the preparation process of the rough porous structure of the substrate and the influence of the rough structure scale on the surface stability were mainly introduced.Studies have shown that the strong capillary force provided by nanoporous substrate was important to form a stable liquid layer.The type and basis of the selection of lubricant were analyzed.For the marine antifouling field,the lubricant with a relatively low price and green environmental protection will be a better choice.The method of chemical modification of the substrate and the slippery covalently attached liquid surfaces were introduced.summarizesd the research progress and problems in applying slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces in the field of marine antifouling.Some critical unsolved challenges and the research foci in the future are proposed in the perspective section.It will be the development direction of its large-scale application in the field of antifouling to explore the environmentally efficient and economical slippery liquid-infused porous surface coating.