贵州省草海近年的水质变化趋势研究

Water Quality Variation Trends in Caohai Lake of Guizhou Province in Recent Years

为探讨贵州草海近年来的水质变化趋势,本研究收集了草海2004年及2011年-2018年的相关水质监测数据,通过综合营养状态指数评价水质类别和营养状态。结果表明草海2011年-2018年间6个水质指标(透明度SD、NH^(+)_(4)-N、TN、TP、COD_(Mn)和叶绿素a Chl.a)总体较稳定,枯水期水质总体优于丰水期;水质类别主要为II~IV类,TN和COD_(Mn)是影响水质的主要因子;TLI(∑)值变化范围为39.1~52.3,表示草海为中营养-轻度富营养型;2011年-2018年TN、TP总体上较2004年有轻微下降。综上,2011年-2018年草海的水质状况较稳定,但仍存在轻度富营养的风险,在治理过程中应注意降低TP负荷以防止水体富营养化加剧。

To explore the variation trends of water quality of Caohai Lake in Guizhou Province,China,in recent years,this study collected relevant water quality monitoring data of Caohai from 2004 and 2011 to 2018.It uses the comprehensive trophic status index(TLI)method to evaluate water quality categories and nutritional status.The results show that the six indicators(transparency(SD),NH^(+)_(4)-N,TN,TP,COD_(Mn) and Chlorophyll a(Chl.a))showed totally stabilization.The water quality in dry season was better than that in wet season.The water quality classification of the two sections was generally II~IV.TN and COD_(Mn) were major factors in the classification.The comprehensive trophic status of the lake is mesotrophic-slight eutrophic(39.1≤TLI(∑)≤52.3),with slight eutrophic status at the middle section during the wet season.The contents of TN and TP during 2011-2018,generally,showed slight decrease when compared with those in 2004.The two sections of Caohai Lake showed relatively stable water quality conditions,but there was still a slight eutrophication risk.In the treatment process,attention should be paid to reducing the TP load to prevent the eutrophication of the water body from intensifying.