辽宁不同生态区行距配置对玉米形态、光合指标及产量的影响

Effects of Row Spacing Configuration on Maize Morphology,Photosynthetic Index and Yield in Different Ecological Zones in Liaoning Province

试验以半紧凑型玉米品种良玉99为试验材料,采用随机区组设计,设置50 cm+50 cm、60 cm+60 cm、30 cm+70 cm、40 cm+80 cm 4个行距配置处理,分别在辽西黑山、辽南海城、辽北铁岭3个生态区,在同一密度下(75000株/hm 2),研究不同行距配置对玉米形态、光合指标及产量的影响,以期为探索辽宁省不同生态区玉米最佳行距配置,构建资源利用高效型群体提供科学依据。研究表明,良玉99在不同生态区产量均表现为50 cm+50 cm和30 cm+70 cm行距配置产量显著高于60 cm+60 cm,平均增产分别为4.33%、4.52%;净光合速率和胞间CO 2浓度在50 cm+50 cm和30 cm+70 cm行距配置处理下平均分别比60 cm+60 cm高25.43%、13.10%;50 cm+50 cm行距处理生育后期叶面积指数较高,有效延长光合作用时间。3个生态区50 cm+50 cm行距处理下叶向值平均比60 cm+60 cm高6.06%;在行内,穗位处的透光率50 cm+50 cm行距配置处理比60 cm+60 cm高66.35%。可知在辽宁不同生态区,50 cm+50 cm和30 cm+70 cm是较适宜的行距配置。

The semi-compact maize varieties Liangyu 99 were used as experimental material in this experiment.The trial was conducted in a randomized blocked design,and was carried out in three ecological areas of Heishan(Western Liaoning)Haicheng(Southern Liaoning)Tieling(Northern Liaoning)respectively.Four row spacing configurations,50 cm+50 cm,60 cm+60 cm,30 cm+70 cm,40 cm+80 cm,were set in this experiment,under the same density(75000plant/hm 2),in order to explore the best maize row spacing in different areas of Liaoning province,build the efficiency of resource use groups to provide scientific basis for studying the effects of different maize spacing on morphology,photosynthesis and yield of maize.The results showed that the yield of Liangyu 99 in different ecological zones showed no significant difference between 50 cm+50 cm and 30 cm+70 cm row spacing.The average yield was 4.33%and 4.52%higher than that of 60 cm+60 cm,respectively,with significant difference.Net photosynthetic rate and intercellular CO 2 concentration at 50 cm+50 cm and 30 cm+70 cm row spacing were 25.43%and 13.10%higher than those at 60 cm+60 cm row spacing,respectively.The treatment with row spacing of 50 cm+50 cm had higher LAI at later growth stage and effectively prolonged the photosynthetic time.The average value of leaf direction under row spacing treatment of 50 cm+50 cm was 6.06%higher than that under row spacing treatment of 60 cm+60 cm in the three ecological regions.In the row,the light transmittance of 50 cm+50 cm row spacing treatment at ear was 66.35%higher than that of 60 cm+60 cm row spacing treatment.It can be seen that in different ecological areas in Liaoning,50 cm+50 cm and 30 cm+70 cm are more appropriate row spacing configurations.