DNA甲基化抑制剂在恶性淋巴瘤中的研究进展

Research progress in the treatment of malignant lymphoma with DNA methylation inhibitors

DNA甲基化是生物基因表达调控的方式之一,其作为一种特殊的表观遗传事件在疾病的发生、发展中具有重要作用。近年来,随着基础医学研究的发展,研究人员在血液系统肿瘤尤其是恶性淋巴瘤中发现了基因的高甲基化,相关药物的研发及临床试验的开展也在不断推进。DNA甲基转移酶抑制剂(DNA methyltransferase inhibitors,DNMTIs)作为表观遗传药物通过抑制DNA甲基转移酶,干扰DNA转录的过程来发挥抗肿瘤作用,成为治疗肿瘤的新手段。目前,上市的DNMTI包括地西他滨和阿扎胞苷,其在血液系统恶性肿瘤和实体肿瘤的治疗中都取得了良好的疗效。本文主要针对DNA甲基化抑制剂在恶性淋巴瘤中的作用机制和临床研究的进展进行综述。

DNA methylation is a special epigenetic event that constitutes an important mechanism regulating gene expression,and plays an important role in the occurrence and development of diseases.In recent years,with the advances in basic medical research,researchers have discovered hypermethylation of genes in hematological tumors,especially malignant lymphoma,and steady progress has been made in the discovery and clinical development of DNA methylation modulating drugs.DNA methyltransferase inhibitors(DNMTIs)are epigenetic drugs that exert anti-tumor effects by interfering with the process of DNA transcription.These drugs have become a new method of antitumor therapy.To date,available DNMTIs include decitabine and azacytidine that have shown promising efficacy in the treatment of hematologic malignancies and solid tumors.This review focuses on the mechanisms by which DNA methylation inhibitors affect malignant lymphoma,and describes the progress in clinical research.