饮食干预在类风湿性关节炎中的作用研究进展

Research progress on role of dietary intervention in rheumatoid arthritis

类风湿性关节炎(Rheumatoid Arthritis,RA)是一种自身免疫性疾病,发病时会给患者带来极大的痛苦和不便,但目前治疗手段还存在很多不足,因此探索其他的辅助治疗手段是有意义的。很多研究指出饮食失衡带来的营养不良、肠道菌群改变以及免疫失调等与RA的发病直接相关,因此饮食干预可能是调控RA的一种简单经济的措施。本文对RA的发病机制做了论述,对不同饮食结构在RA中的影响进行总结,得出高脂、高糖与高盐饮食是诱发RA的高风险因素,地中海饮食、高膳食纤维饮食等则有助于缓解RA,而益生菌、不饱和脂肪酸和抗氧化成分的补充会促进患者自身免疫平衡和肠道菌群恢复,有助于改善患者炎症水平和关节疼痛,显示出降低RA发病风险的作用,因此采取积极的饮食干预是辅助治疗RA的有效手段。

Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is an autoimmune disease,which will bring great pain and inconvenience to patients.However,there are still many deficiencies in current treatment methods.Therefore,it is meaningful to explore other adjuvant treatments.Many studies pointed out that malnutrition,changes in intestinal flora and immune disorders caused by dietary imbalance were directly related to the pathogenesis of RA.Therefore,dietary intervention might be a simple and economic measure to regulate and control RA.In this paper,the pathogenesis of RA was discussed,and the effects of different dietary structures on RA were summarized.It was concluded that high-fat,high-sugar and high-salt diet were high risk factors for inducing RA,Mediterranean diet and high dietary fiber diet were helpful to alleviate RA,and the supplementation of probiotics,unsaturated fatty acids and antioxidant components could promote autoimmune balance and recovery of intestinal flora in patients.All of these were helpful to improve the inflammation level and joint pain in patients,showing the role of reducing the risk of RA.Therefore,the active dietary intervention was an effective means of adjuvant treatment of RA.