明末朝鲜使臣所经辽东海域史事考

Textual Research on the Historical Events of Korean Envoys in the Sea Area around Liaodong Peninsula in the Late Ming Dynasty

明末,朝鲜使臣出使明朝都是经海路,或沿辽东沿海经庙岛群岛由登州入关,或过旅顺铁山嘴经辽西觉华岛附近登陆进入北京,或从山海关附近海域乘船沿海岸线南下绕道天津进入北京,而沿辽东沿海经庙岛群岛由登州入关,是朝鲜使臣使用较多的一条航线。朝鲜使臣在辽东半岛沿线岛屿和洋面多因遇险或避风而停留,举行祭祀海神等活动,特别是天启四年(1624年)确立了天妃(妈祖)"主兹四渎"至高无上地位后,更是对天妃神灵敬畏到了无以复加的程度。

In the late Ming Dynasty,the Korean Envoys always came to China via sea routes.They passed the Liaodong Peninsula along Miaodao Archipelago from Dengzhou to Shanhaiguan,or passed Lvshun Tieshanzui Island from the area near Juehua Island in west Liaoning to Beijing,or went southward along coastline from the sea near Shanhaiguan to Beijing by way of Tianjin.They took the first route most of the time.The Korean Envoys were usually forced to stop over for shelters due to some dangers or heavy winds on the islands and sea area along the Liaodong Peninsula,and they held activities such as offering sacrifices to sea gods.Especially after the supreme status of Mazu was established in the years 1624,they worshiped Mazu to an even greater extent.