蟹类干制标本制作方法

A Method for Making Dried Crab Specimens

本文描述了一种蟹类干制标本的制作方法。相比浸制标本,干制标本具有可定型、有效避免浸制液对人体的伤害和蟹类甲壳中色素的溶解等优点。具体方法为将蟹放入冰水混合物中麻醉后,用75%乙醇溶液从蟹的口部注射将其处死。在75%乙醇中浸泡24 h后,将蟹肢解成5部分(头胸甲、胸部腹甲、腹脐、螯足、步足或泳足)。使用2%胰蛋白酶溶液处理头胸甲6 h,用5%KOH溶液处理胸部腹甲24 h,以去除其甲壳内的肌肉组织。螯足、步足及泳足则需进一步肢解,然后手工剔除其中的肌肉。最后,将各部分用速干胶(德国产UHU)和锡丝按其原生位置拼装整形,用金刚喷剂进行硬化,用亮油亮化,风干后存放于盛有活性炭和樟脑的标本盒中。

A method was introduced in this paper to make dried crab specimen,which can be shaped well and avoid dissolution of pigment in crab carapace and the damage to human compared with the impregnated specimens.Crab was killed by the injection of 75%alcohol into its mouth after being anesthetized in a mixture of ice and water.After being immersed in 75%alcohol for 24 hours,crab was dismembered into 5 parts,carapace,sternum cheliped,abdomen ambulatory leg and swimming(foot).After that,carapace was digested in 2%trypsin for 6 hours,and 5%KOH solution was used to immerse sternum for 24 hours to remove muscle.The muscle of separated cheliped ambulatory leg and swimming(foot)was further removed by hand.Eventually,all the carapace were assembled and shaped with instant adhesive(UHU made in Germany)and tin wire following its original location.Then,the specimen was hardened with diamond spray lacquer,brighten with bright oil and stored in specimen box containing activated carbon and camphor after air-dried.