不同积温试验区水稻生育界限期的界定与比较

Definition and Comparison of Rice Growthlimit Stage in Different Ecological Areas

为明确不同积温试验区水稻生育界限期的差异,以一、二、三积温区的肇源、友谊和洪河农场为研究对象,利用1993~2017年近25年的日平均气温进行统计分析,研究结果表明:确定了3个试验区的大棚旱育秧播种最早界限期、旱育秧安全播种界限期、旱育秧中苗移栽早限期、旱育秧中苗安全移栽早限期、大苗安全移栽早限期、安全成熟适期、安全成熟晚限期、安全齐穗适期终日和安全齐穗晚限期。3个试验区水稻从播种到移栽的界限期均随活动积温的减少而延后,洪河农场较友谊农场的播种最早界限期、旱育秧安全播种界限期分别延后6 d和8 d,相邻的两个积温带间的其他界限期均相差3~4 d;当水稻进入齐穗期,界限期基本随着活动积温的减少而提前,相邻的两个积温带间界限期相差3~4 d。研究为黑龙江水稻不同积温带高效优质栽培提供理论依据。

In order to clarify the difference of rice growth boundary period in different accumulated temperature test areas,it used the average day temperature for statistics analysis in Zhaoyuan,Youyi and Honghe farm from 1993 to 2017,and determined dry seedlings sowing first growthlimit stage,security growthlimit stage,middle dry seedlings in the seedlings transplanting early deadline,security the seedlings transplanting early deadline,big dry seedlings security the seedlings transplanting early deadline,security mature suitable period,security mature late deadline,the last day at safety full heading suitable period and secure full heading late deadline.Rice growthlimit stage from sowing to transplanting was delayed with reduced active accumulated temperature in three test regions.Honghe farm was later and postponed 6 days in dry seedlings sowing first growthlimit stage than Youyi,and postponed 8 days in dry seedlings sowing security growthlimit stage than Youyi.Other growthlimit stage of the adjacent two belts had 3-4 days difference.When rice entered the full heading stage,the growthlimit stage advanced with reduced active accumulated temperature,and the adjacent two belts had 3-4 days difference.This result provided theoretical basis for high-efficiency and high-quality cultivation of rice in different accumulated temperature zones in Heilongjiang province.