高分子聚合物硬骨缺损修复材料研究进展

Research progress of high-molecular polymer material for bone defect repair

为开发生物相容性好、力学性能优异、安全有效和性能稳定的硬骨缺损修复材料,对构成硬骨缺损修复材料的种类、性能优缺点以及未来研究趋势进行综述。首先分析了以丝素蛋白、壳聚糖、胶原、聚乙烯醇、聚己内脂等高分子聚合物为原料制备硬骨缺损修复材料的最新研究进展;其次针对其在硬骨缺损修复骨髓炎治疗中的应用及其在研究中存在的不足进行分析。硬骨缺损修复材料涉及多学科交叉,以天然高分子聚合物以及合成高分子聚合物为原料制成的骨缺损修复材料可极大地促进其在骨组织工程中的应用,同时以石墨烯、氧化石墨烯、二氧化钛、羟基磷灰石等为代表的无机类材料在今后有望成为骨缺损修复材料的研究热点。

In order to develop bone defect-repairing materials with good biocompatibility,excellent mechanical properties and property stability,the types,properties,advantages and disadvantages as well as future research trends of bone defect-repairing materials were reviewed.This paper firstly summarizes the recent research progress in preparation of bone defect-repairing materials by polymers such as silk fibroin,chitosan,collagen,polyvinyl alcohol,polycaprolactone,and polylactic acid and its derivatives.In view of applications in the treatment of osteomyelitis in repairing bone defects,shortcomings of the materials and the research gaps were analyzed.It is concluded that the development of bone defect-repairing materials are multidisciplinary,and the repair materials made from natural and synthetic high-molecular polymers can greatly promote their applications in bone tissue engineering.It is also pointed out that inorganic materials such as graphene,graphene oxide,titanium dioxide,hydroxyapatite are expected to become the research focuses of bone defect-repairing materials in the future.