中国职教的“1+X”思辨与求证

Speculation and Verification on “1+X” Vocational Education in China

在中国特色现代职业教育体系的探索与实践中,学历证书+若干职业技能等级证书的"1+X"模式是中国职教最富创新、最贴近中国国情的职教智慧集成。按数学思维解码,"1+X"是检测中国特色职教的范式,"1+X"无论路径方法怎么变,但复合型、一专多能型人才培养是目的,这个"等式"是既定的。从实施"1+X"模式以来,由于"1+X"中"X"因素的可变性大,使"1+X"的过程形态虽然相符,但结果并不一样,使既等式变成了不等式,这需要认真对待和反思。其实,"1+X"也不是一成不变的模式,"X"的不确定性为这一模式的创新和教育教学的改革留下了极大的空间,这正是在等式与不等式间找到融通,从而加快职教内涵建设与发展。

In the exploration and practice of modern vocational education system with Chinese characteristics, the"1+X"mode, namely academic certificate+several vocational skill level certificates, is the wisdom integration of vocational education,which is the most innovative and closest to China national condition. Decoding with mathematical thinking, the mode is the paradigm of testing Chinese vocational education, No matter how the path and method change, the purpose is to train compound and multi-skilled talents,that is,this equation is established. Since the implementation of the"1+X"model, the process form of 1 plus X is consistent due to the great variability of the X factor in the 1+X, but the result is not the same, which makes the equation become an inequality, which needs taking seriously and reflected. In fact,"1+X"mode is not an immutable model. The uncertainty of X leaves great space for the innovation of this mode and the reform of education and teaching. Finding compromise between equality and inequality can speed up the connotation construction and development of vocational education.