稀土材料的制备与高端应用

Preparation and high-end applications of rare earth materials

随着社会的发展,科学技术的不断提高,人们发现稀土金属在提高产品质量、增强产品性能等方面已表现出其独特的优势,但也存在稀土材料传统制备方法周期长、高端应用领域研究不够深入等问题。文中主要介绍了离子交换法、热分解法、水热/溶剂热法、共沉淀法和溶胶-凝胶法等制备稀土材料的最新进展,并着重介绍了稀土在永磁材料、发光材料、催化材料、储氢材料和高纯靶材等方面的高端应用。根据以上分析,革新稀土制备方法和挖掘新的稀土材料,使其在电子信息、汽车尾气净化、航空航天以及生理医疗等领域发挥更大的作用。最后,对提高稀土产品附加值、开发稀土新材料、优化稀土生产工艺及发展稀土高端应用进行了展望。

With the accelerated social development and continuous sophistication of science and technology,rare earth metals have shown their unique advantages in improving product quality and performance.However,there are also problems,including long cycle of traditional preparation methods for rare earth materials and inadequate research into high-end application fields.On the basis of introducing the latest progress in the preparation of rare earth materials,for instance,technologies of exchange ion,thermal decomposition,hydrothermal/solvothermal,co-precipitation,and sol-gel,this paper details the high-end applications of rare earth in permanent magnet materials,luminescent materials,catalytic materials,hydrogen storage materials,and high purity targets.On the basis of the above analysis,we know that developing rare earth preparation methods and exploring new materials are closely related to bring out the full potential of the rare metals in the fields of electronic information,automobile exhaust purification,aerospace,physiology,and medical treatment.At the same time,the prospects of increasing the added value of rare earth products,developing new rare earth materials,optimizing production process,and developing high-end applications are put forward.