基于六旋翼无人机搭载风速仪的边界层风剖面实测研究

BOUNDARY LAYER WIND PROFILE MEASUREMENT BASED ON A SIX-ROTOR UAV ANEMOMETER

对基于六旋翼无人机搭载风速仪进行边界层风场测量的可行性进行了研究,分析了实测得到的平均风速和风向角、湍流度、阵风因子、湍流积分尺度与功率谱密度等风场特性参数,并与测风塔上固定安装的风速仪测量结果进行比较。结果表明:基于无人机方法所测得的风速风向值经过修正后与测风塔实测值基本一致,两者误差在±3%以内;基于无人机方法所测风速拟合的风剖面精度较高,且与规范规定的B类地貌风剖面接近,其拟合计算的平均地面粗糙度为0.148;基于无人机方法所测得的各项脉动风特性参数与测风塔的实测值较为接近,两者误差控制在±5%以内;湍流度与阵风因子存在指数相关性;基于无人机方法所测得的脉动风速功率谱与测风塔所测脉动风速功率谱基本一致,且与Karman谱有较好的吻合。

They studied the feasibility of boundary layer wind field measurement based on a six-rotor drone equipped with an anemometer, and analyzed the measured wind characteristics including average wind speed,wind direction, turbulence intensity, gust factor, the turbulence integral length and power spectrum. The results are compared with the measured results of anemometers fixed on a wind tower. The results show that the wind speed and wind direction values measured by the UAV are basically the same as the measured values on the wind tower after correction, and the error between the two is within ±3%. The accuracy of fitted wind profile by the UAV is high. The wind profile is close to the B-type geomorphic wind profile specified by the Chinese standard.The average ground roughness calculated by data fitting is 0.148. The various fluctuating wind characteristic parameters measured by the UAV are close to the measured values on the wind tower, and the error between the two is within ±5%. There is an exponential correlation between the turbulence intensity and the gust factor. The wind power spectrum measured by the UAV is basically consistent with that measured on the wind tower and is consistent with the Karman spectrum.