注意缺陷多动障碍脑白质纤维束异常的磁共振影像学研究

MRI study of white matter microstructural alterations in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder

大脑白质的发育对个体正常行为和认知功能的建立至关重要,已有大量研究表明白质微结构改变和注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)核心症状以及认知功能缺陷有关,提示脑白质异常可能为该病的神经基础之一。本文旨在通过对儿童青少年ADHD患者的大脑白质磁共振影像学研究进行回顾与总结,归纳ADHD主要相关白质纤维束的改变特征及其与临床表现的关系,揭示ADHD潜在的脑白质病理机制,并对未来研究方向进行展望。

The development of cerebral white matter is essential for the establishment of normal behavior and cognitive functions,and several studies have shown that the alterations in white matter microstructure are associated with core symptoms and cognitive deficits in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD),suggesting that the abnormalities in cerebral white matter may be one of the neurological underpinnings of the disease.This article aims to review and summarize the magnetic resonance imaging studies of the white matter microstructure in children and adolescents with ADHD,to summarize the characteristics of the alterations in the white matter fiber tracts of ADHD,and to analyze the relationships with the clinical manifestations of the disease.Thereafter,the potential pathogenesis of ADHD is explored,thus providing a guidance for the future studies.