甲基苯丙胺、可卡因和吗啡成瘾对糖代谢的影响及分子机制研究进展

Research progress in roles of methamphetamine,cocaine and morphine in glucose metabolism and molecular mechanism

药物成瘾是指滥用者对成瘾药物的强烈渴求,以至于强制性地慢性或周期性地服用成瘾药物。成瘾药物包括管制类药品及毒品,如甲基苯丙胺(METH)、可卡因和吗啡等。药物成瘾机制复杂,可导致机体糖代谢紊乱。METH、可卡因和吗啡通过胰岛素信号通路、磷脂酰肌醇3激酶/蛋白激酶B和AMP活化蛋白激酶信号通路可导致多巴胺、谷氨酸和γ-氨基丁酸系统紊乱及糖代谢异常。本综述旨在为进一步明确药物成瘾所致糖代谢异常的分子机制提供理论依据,为药物成瘾治疗提供新的方向。

Drug addiction refers to the strong craving of abusers for abuse drugs and compulsively chronic or periodic use of drugs.Addictive drugs include controlled drugs and abuse drugs such as methamphetamine(METH),cocaine and morphine.The mechanism of drug abuse is complicated.Drug addiction leads to disorders of glucose metabolism in the body.METH,cocaine and morphine can result in disorders of dopamine,the glutamate andγ-aminobutyric acid systems,as well as dysfunction of glucose metabolism through the insulin,phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B and AMPactivated protein kinase signaling pathways.This review will shed light on the molecular mechanism of glucose metabolism dysfunction caused by drug addiction and propose new treatments for drug addiction.