论柳永羁旅行役词中的抒情主人公形象

The Lyrical Images in Liu Yong′s Traveler Poems

在柳永之前,羁旅行役题材主要表现在诗歌中,而在唐与五代词中并不常见。柳永的出现,使这种题材在词中踵事增华。其《乐章集》录词212首,仅羁旅行役词就有60余首。这些羁旅行役词中的抒情主人公形象是较为丰富的,具体有思念远方佳丽的痴情男子形象、漂泊旅途孤独寂寞的游子形象和仕途不顺抑郁苦闷的士子形象等。这些艺术形象的形成,蕴含着柳永在爱情、理想、性格等方面浓郁的悲剧意味。究其成因,与他奉儒守官的家庭背景、坚定的功名信念,烟柳花巷的经历、浓厚的市民意识以及功名仕途的坎坷、寂寞凄凉的游历等均息息相关。

Before Liu Yong,the theme of traveler poems was mainly expressed in poetry,it was not common in Ci in Tang Dynasty and Five Pronouns.With the appearance of Liu Yong,the theme had a terrific development in Ci.There are 212 poems in his Collection of Yue Zhang,of which there are about 60 traveler poems,showing the rich lyric image of the protagonist.These artistic images include a spoony man who missed his wife and his confidante,a lonely wanderer and a scholar who was unhappy and depressed in his official career.The formation of these images contain Liu Yong′s strong tragic meaning in love,ideal and character.The causes are closely related to his family background of being a Confucian official,his firm belief in fame,his experience in whorehouses,his strong civic consciousness,his bumpy official career and his lonely and desolate travel.